Patterns of belowground overyielding and fine‐root biomass in native and exotic angiosperms and gymnosperms
Patterns of belowground overyielding and fine‐root biomass in native and exotic angiosperms and gymnosperms
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DOI：
10.1111/oik.08877
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发表时间：
2022-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
M. Schuster;L. Williams;Artur Stefanski;R. Bermudez;M. Belluau;C. Messier;A. Paquette;D. Gravel;P. Reich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Schuster;L. Williams;Artur Stefanski;R. Bermudez;M. Belluau;C. Messier;A. Paquette;D. Gravel;P. Reich
混合树种可以导致更高产的森林，但地下生产力如何受到不同系统发育和生态进化历史的树木混合的影响尚不清楚。在这里，我们研究了物种起源和物种发生如何影响地下生产力在不同的丰富性和功能多样性的树木社区。我们测量了12个树种的41个组合的立细根生物量和年细根生产量，代表了来自北美和欧洲的被子植物和裸子植物。增加功能多样性的混合物刺激超产的年产量，但不影响现存生物量。一般来说，在单一栽培中生产力较低的物种混合物的年生产力对混合有中性（被子植物）到积极（北美物种：+16%）的反应，而在单一栽培中生产力较高的物种混合物的年生产力对混合有中性（欧洲物种）到消极（裸子植物：-6%）的反应。这些差异转化为被子植物的混合物丰产常设生物量的16%，但没有混合裸子植物的混合物的影响。我们观察到的趋势之间的北美和欧洲物种的年产量被逆转时，考虑常设生物量。欧洲的混合物有14%以上的常设生物量和北美的混合物有10%以下的常设生物量比预期从monocultures.Our研究提供了一个罕见的检查的起源和演替的森林细根生产力的综合作用，并提出了不同的后果生物多样性变化的森林地下生产力的基础上组成。在北美，由被子植物和本地树种组成的幼林的地下生产力可能比裸子植物或欧洲物种占主导地位的森林与多样性联系更紧密。这表明，增加的多样性可能会导致地下生产力的最大提高，在本地，北美森林占主导地位的被子植物，但也在这些森林中的多样性下降可能是最强烈的感觉。
Mixing tree species can lead to more productive forests, but how belowground productivity is affected by mixtures of trees of diverse phylogenetic and eco‐evolutionary histories is unclear. Here, we examine how species origin and phylogeny affect belowground productivity in tree communities of varied richness and functional diversity. We measured standing fine‐root biomass and annual fine‐root production across 41 assemblages of 12 tree species, representing both angiosperms and gymnosperms originating from North America and Europe. Increasing functional diversity of mixtures stimulated overyielding of annual production but did not affect standing biomass. In general, annual productivity of mixtures of species that were less productive in monoculture had neutral (angiosperms) to positive (North American species: +16%) responses to mixing, whereas annual productivity of mixtures of species that were more productive in monoculture had neutral (European species) to negative (gymnosperms: −6%) responses to mixing. These differences translated into angiosperm mixtures overyielding in standing biomass by 16% but no effects of mixing on gymnosperm mixtures. The trends we observed between North American and European species annual production were reversed when considering standing biomass. European mixtures had 14% more standing biomass and North American mixtures had 10% less standing biomass than expected from monocultures.Our study offers a rare examination of the combined roles of origin and phylogeny in forest fine‐root productivity, and suggests varied consequences of biodiversity change for forest belowground productivity based on composition. In North America, belowground productivity of young forests composed of angiosperms and native tree species may be more tightly linked to diversity than that of forests dominated by gymnosperms or European species. This suggests that increased diversity may lead to the greatest enhancement of belowground productivity in native, North American forests dominated by angiosperms, but also that declines in diversity may be felt most strongly in these forests as well.