The generalizability of neurocognitive test/retest data derived from a nonclinical sample for detecting change among two HIV+ cohorts
The generalizability of neurocognitive test/retest data derived from a nonclinical sample for detecting change among two HIV+ cohorts
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/13803390600920471
复制
发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Cohen, Bruce A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levine, Andrew J.;Hinkin, Charles H.;Cohen, Bruce A.
用于确定临床相关神经认知变化的客观方法对临床医生和研究人员是有用的，但这些方法的效用需要验证研究，以评估其在目标人群中的准确性。我们研究了回归方程和可靠的变化指数（RCI）的普遍性，从一个健康的样本到两个HIV感染的样本，一个在人口构成上与正常组相似，另一个不同。在基线和随访时进行的测量包括连线测验、控制性口语词汇联想测验（COWAT）、凹槽钉板和数字广度。确定每项测量的下降、改善或稳定频率。在人口统计学上相似的临床队列中，通过简单回归方法对心理速度和注意力的测量表明免疫受损参与者的下降率升高，而RCI解决实践效果（RCI-PE）表明大多数措施的改善，无论免疫状态如何。相反，在人口统计学上不同的队列中，简单回归表明所有指标的下降率都很高，而RCI-PE表明心理和注意力指标的下降率升高。因此，用于确定HIV+队列中临床显著变化的两种方法的准确性取决于其与标准样本的相似性。
Objective methods for determining clinically relevant neurocognitive change are useful for clinicians and researchers, but the utility of such methods requires validation studies in order to assess their accuracy among target populations. We examined the generalizability of regression equations and reliable change indexes ( RCI) derived from a healthy sample to two HIV-infected samples, one similar in demographic makeup to the normative group and the other dissimilar. Measures administered at baseline and follow-up included the Trail Making Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test ( COWAT), Grooved Pegboard, and Digit Span. Frequencies of decline, improvement, or stability were determined for each measure. Among the demographically similar clinical cohort, elevated rates of decline among more immunologically impaired participants were indicated by simple regression method on measures of psychomotor speed and attention, while RCI addressing practice effects ( RCI-PE) indicated improvement on most measures regardless of immunostatus. Conversely, among the demographically dissimilar cohort, simple regression indicated high rates of decline across all measures, while RCI-PE indicated elevated rates of decline on psychomotor and attention measures. Thus, the accuracy of the two methods examined for determining clinically significant change among HIV+ cohorts differs depending upon their similarity with the normative sample.