Molecular mechanisms of axonal growth
Molecular mechanisms of axonal growth
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DOI：
10.1007/978-0-387-76715-4_1
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Nothias, Fatiha
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bouquet, Celine;Nothias, Fatiha
在成年神经系统的神经元发育期间轴突的生长以及它们在损伤后的再生是由特异性细胞外信号控制的，所述细胞外信号是可扩散的，或结合到细胞膜或细胞外基质。这些细胞外信号通过生长轴突整合的确切分子机制尚未明确。然而，人们普遍认为，大多数（如果不是A）由引导线索触发的信号级联最终会聚到细胞骨架上。因此，细胞外导向因子的作用不仅受到特异性膜受体的调节，还受到细胞骨架的调节。和轴突内的细胞增殖相关分子。事实上，细胞骨架代表了神经元内源性和外源性因素的汇合点和整合点。此外，近年来，越来越多的证据表明，生长锥细胞骨架的两个主要组成部分肌动蛋白丝和微管之间存在协调的串扰。它们的重组是复杂的，涉及许多细胞因子相关蛋白，其功能通过激活或抑制特定的信号通路来调节。
Outgrowth of axons during neuronal development, as well as their regeneration after injury, of the adult nervous system is controlled by specific extracellular cues which are diffusible, or bound to cell membranes or extracellular matrix. The exact molecular mechanisms through which these extracellular signals are integrated by the growing axon, are not yet well defined. However, it is widely accepted that most, if not A, signaling cascades triggered by guidance cues eventually converge onto the cytoskeleton. The action of extracellular guidance factors is thus modulated not only by specific membrane receptors, but also by cytoskeletal. and cytoskeleton-associated molecules within the axon. In fact, the cytoskeleton represents a point of convergence and integration of both neuron-intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Moreover, in recent years, there has been increasing evidence for the involvement of a coordinated cross-talk between actin filaments and microtubules, the two main components of the growth cone cytoskeleton. Their reorganization is complex and involves numerous cytoskeleton-associated proteins whose function is regulated via activation or inhibition of particular signaling pathways.