Comparison of effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in man.
Comparison of effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in man.
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发表时间：
1985-02
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
F. Mattson;S. Grundy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Mattson;S. Grundy
20例患者食用流质饮食，其中主要脂肪酸为饱和（Sat）、单不饱和（Mono）或多不饱和（Poly）。这三种饮食中的脂肪占总热量的40%，分别由棕榈油、高油酸红花油和高亚油酸红花油组成。在每个饮食期的第三和第四周期间，采集多个血液样品并分析血浆总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）和脂蛋白组分中的胆固醇（VLDL-C、LDL-C和HDL-C）。12名患者的TG水平正常;在这些患者中，单一和多聚饮食均导致血浆LDL-C统计学显著和相同的降低，但多聚饮食降低HDL-C水平的频率高于单一饮食。两种饮食均未改变血浆TG水平。总蛋白质和各种脂质成分的比例分离馏分（极低密度脂蛋白，IDL，低密度脂蛋白，高密度脂蛋白）没有改变的两种饮食。8例患者有高胆固醇血症，这些人表现出相当大的变化，在响应单和多饮食。虽然两种不饱和脂肪都有降低TC和LDL-C水平的趋势，但变化不一致;此外，Sat饮食中HDL-C浓度较低，不受Mono或Poly饮食的影响。这项研究的结果表明，油酸在降低正常胆固醇血症患者的LDL-C水平方面与亚油酸一样有效，油酸似乎比亚油酸更不经常降低HDL-C水平。两种类型的不饱和脂肪对高甘油三酯血症患者的脂蛋白水平都没有显着影响。
Twenty patients consumed a liquid diet in which the predominant fatty acids were either saturated (Sat), monounsaturated (Mono), or polyunsaturated (Poly). The fats in these three diets comprised 40% of total calories and consisted of palm oil, high-oleic safflower oil, and high-linoleic safflower oil, respectively. During the third and fourth week of each dietary period, multiple samples of blood were taken and were analyzed for plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and cholesterol in lipoprotein fractions (VLDL-C, LDL-C, and HDL-C). Twelve of the patients had normal TG levels; in these patients, both Mono and Poly diets caused statistically significant and equal lowerings of plasma LDL-C, but the Poly diet lowered HDL-C levels more frequently than did the Mono diet. Neither diet changed the level of plasma TG. The proportions of total protein and the various lipid components in isolated fractions (VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL) were not altered by the two diets. Eight patients had hypertriglyceridemia; these individuals showed considerable variability in response to Mono and Poly diets. Although there was a trend towards reductions in TC and LDL-C levels by both types of unsaturated fats, the changes were inconsistent; furthermore, HDL-C concentrations were low on the Sat diet and were unaffected by either the Mono or the Poly diet. The results of this study show that oleic acid is as effective as linoleic acid in lowering LDL-C levels in normo-triglyceridemic patients, and oleic acid seemingly reduces HDL-C levels less frequently than does linoleic acid. Neither type of unsaturated fat had striking effects on lipoprotein levels of hypertriglyceridemic patients.