Stratospheric Temperature and Ozone Anomalies Associated With the 2020 Australian New Year Fires
Stratospheric Temperature and Ozone Anomalies Associated With the 2020 Australian New Year Fires
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DOI：
10.1029/2021gl095898
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
L. Rieger;W. Randel;A. Bourassa;S. Solomon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Rieger;W. Randel;A. Bourassa;S. Solomon
卫星观测记录了2020年澳大利亚森林大火后平流层气溶胶、温度和臭氧的异常。2020年初，南半球（SH）平流层下层（LS）的气溶胶消失增强，其强度与2015年的卡尔布科火山喷发相当。在2020年1 - 4月期间，SH LS出现1-2 K的温暖温度异常，并且与气溶胶增强相一致。辐射加热是通过低纬度和高纬度之间的异常温度相关性来表示的。LS臭氧显示，在气溶胶最大值之后和极地涡旋破裂之前的几个月，中纬度地区的臭氧减少，达到2011年以来OMPS记录的极端最小值。2020年11月至12月期间，南极南极臭氧消耗的规模和持续时间都达到了十年来的最低水平，同时极地温度也达到了创纪录的低点，极地涡旋也达到了强。总体而言，极地臭氧消耗、温度和极地涡旋演变的影响与2015年卡尔布科火山喷发的影响大致相似。
Stratospheric aerosol, temperature, and ozone anomalies after the 2020 Australian bushfires are documented from satellite observations. Aerosol extinction is enhanced in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) lower stratosphere (LS) in early 2020, comparable in magnitude to the Calbuco eruption in 2015. Warm temperature anomalies of 1–2 K occur in the SH LS during January‐April 2020 and are coincident with enhanced aerosols. Radiative heating is indicated through anomalous temperature correlations between lower and higher latitudes. LS ozone shows midlatitude decreases several months after the aerosol maximum and before the polar vortex breakup, reaching extreme minima over the available OMPS record since 2011. Antarctic ozone depletion in the LS in 2020 reached a decadal low for both magnitude and persistence during November‐December, along with record low polar temperatures and a strong polar vortex. Overall, the polar ozone depletion, temperature, and polar vortex evolution broadly resembled the effects of the Calbuco eruption in 2015.