The Trier Social Stress Test: Principles and practice.
The Trier Social Stress Test: Principles and practice.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ynstr.2016.11.001
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Clarke G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Allen AP;Kennedy PJ;Dockray S;Cryan JF;Dinan TG;Clarke G
研究人员对人类急性应激反应的神经生物学感兴趣，需要一种有效可靠的急性应激源，可以在实验条件下使用。特里尔社会压力测试（TSST）提供了这样一个测试平台。它要求参与者在不提供反馈或鼓励的面试小组面前进行面试式的陈述，然后进行出人意料的心算测试，从而产生压力。在这篇综述中，我们概述了TSST的方法，并讨论了健康和压力相关障碍条件下的主要发现。TSST揭示了男性和女性以及不同年龄组对急性压力的神经生物学反应的差异。TSST也加深了我们对基因型如何调节急性应激的认知神经生物学的理解，并在利用TSST理解急性应激反应的生物学调控的表观遗传学贡献方面取得了令人兴奋的新进展。一些创新的调整已经被开发出来，允许在群体环境中使用TSST，与儿童、脑成像和虚拟委员会相结合。未来的应用可能包括肠道微生物组和应激反应之间的新兴联系。未来的研究还应该最大限度地利用TSST产生的行为数据。在某些情况下，替代急性应激范式可能比TSST更有用，例如那些需要重复测试的情况。尽管如此，我们期望TSST仍然是检验人类急性应激的认知神经生物学的金标准。TSST是评估急性应激神经生物学的人体实验金标准。下丘脑轴对TSST的反应在男性中较高，在老年人中较低。基因型和表观遗传因素调节对TSST的神经生物学反应。TSST的多种改编可用于不同的测试环境。
Researchers interested in the neurobiology of the acute stress response in humans require a valid and reliable acute stressor that can be used under experimental conditions. The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) provides such a testing platform. It induces stress by requiring participants to make an interview-style presentation, followed by a surprise mental arithmetic test, in front of an interview panel who do not provide feedback or encouragement. In this review, we outline the methodology of the TSST, and discuss key findings under conditions of health and stress-related disorder. The TSST has unveiled differences in males and females, as well as different age groups, in their neurobiological response to acute stress. The TSST has also deepened our understanding of how genotype may moderate the cognitive neurobiology of acute stress, and exciting new inroads have been made in understanding epigenetic contributions to the biological regulation of the acute stress response using the TSST. A number of innovative adaptations have been developed which allow for the TSST to be used in group settings, with children, in combination with brain imaging, and with virtual committees. Future applications may incorporate the emerging links between the gut microbiome and the stress response. Future research should also maximise use of behavioural data generated by the TSST. Alternative acute stress paradigms may have utility over the TSST in certain situations, such as those that require repeat testing. Nonetheless, we expect that the TSST remains the gold standard for examining the cognitive neurobiology of acute stress in humans. The TSST is the human experimental gold standard for evaluating the neurobiology of acute stress. The HPA axis response to the TSST is higher in males and lower in older adults. Genotype and epigenetic factors moderate the neurobiological response to the TSST. Multiple adaptations of the TSST are available for different testing contexts.