Cellular Neuronal Control of Molluscan Heart
Cellular Neuronal Control of Molluscan Heart
复制标题
软体动物心脏的细胞神经元控制
DOI：
10.1093/icb/19.1.103
复制
发表时间：
1979
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
D. Mandelbaum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Koester;N. Dieringer;D. Mandelbaum
双壳类和腹足类软体动物在外部环境条件和内部状态方面都经历了很大的变化。在各种物种中，都记录了心脏对这些变化条件的反应。心率和心输出量通常会随着呼吸和排泄系统负荷的增加而增加。在许多情况下，软体动物心脏功能的变化似乎不是由心脏神经直接介导的，而是由血液成分的变化或对心肌的机械、血液动力学影响等间接机制介导的。三种类型的心脏反应，在失智症已被证明是介导的，至少部分，由心脏调节神经。
在失智症和障碍症中调节心率的神经回路已经部分地在细胞细节中描述。有证据表明，环磷酸腺苷在介导5-羟色胺对心肌的兴奋作用中起作用。事实上，在失智症神经系统中，似乎有一种普遍的趋势，即神经元在控制各种行为的神经网络中发挥紧张性调节作用，使用血清素作为递质。在每种情况下，都有证据表明环磷酸腺苷水平的变化可能介导了5-羟色胺的某些调节作用。
Bivalve and gastropod molluscs undergo large changes in external environmental conditions, as well as in internal state. Cardiac responses to these changing conditions have been recorded in a variety of species. There is a general tendency for heart rate, and presumably cardiac output, to increase in response to situations that would increase the load on respiratory and excretory systems. Changes in molluscan heart function in many cases appear not to be mediated directly by cardiac nerves, but rather by such indirect mechanisms as changes in blood constituents or mechanical, hemodynamic effects on heart muscle. Three types of cardiac response in Aplysia have been shown to be mediated, at least in part, by the heart regulator nerves.
The neural circuits that regulate heart rate in Aplysia and in Helix have been partially described in cellular detail. In Mercenaria, Aplysia and other molluscan species there is evidence that cyclic adenosine monophosphate has a role in mediating the excitatory effects of serotonin on heart muscle. There appears to be, in fact, a general tendency in the Aplysia nervous system for neurons that exert tonic, modulatory effects within neural networks that control a variety of behaviors to use serotonin for a transmitter. In each case there is evidence to suggest that changes in cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels may mediate some of the modulatory effects of serotonin.