ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
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ACC/AHA 急性心肌梗死患者管理指南

DOI:
10.1016/s0735-1097(96)00392-0
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发表时间:
1996
影响因子:
24
通讯作者:
R. O'rourke
R. O'rourke
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
T. Ryan;Jeffrey L. Anderson;E. Antman;B. Braniff;N. H. Brooks;R. Califf;L. Hillis;L. Hiratzka;E. Rapaport;Barbara J. Riegel;R. Russell;E. E. Smith;W. Weaver;J. Ritchie;M. Cheitlin;K. Eagle;T. Gardner;A. Garson;R. Gibbons;Richard P. Lewis;R. O'rourke

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ACC/AHA声明”急性心肌梗死患者早期管理指南”于1990年出台,1在此期间,心血管知识和治疗的进展速度和范围即使在本世纪也是引人注目的。在过去的十年中获得了大量的知识和相当多的临床经验,ACC/AHA领导人认为迫切需要总结这些经验,并为急性MI患者的适当管理提供指南。当时,准则的作者指出,尽管他们认为他们是在”射击一个移动的目标”,但已经有足够的证据来制定适当的准则。该指南并不是一个硬性规定,而是一个可以根据临床判断、个体患者需求和新研究结果进行修改的指南。目前的委员会由ACC/AHA实践指南工作组召集,并在1994年11月12日举行的第一次会议上负责”审查自1990年以来积累的关键知识,并建议对原始指南进行任何适当的修改或修订。“委员会举行了七次为期两天的会议,召开了11次电话会议,并在1996年3月24日举行的最后一次会议上结束了工作。通过检索指南制定前5年的标准图书馆数据库,确定了相关的英语医学文献。委员会成员在审议过程中审查了大约5000份出版物。委员会审查了其他组织发表的关于急性心肌梗死患者管理或管理方面的许多文件,如美国胸科医师学会、美国医师学会、加拿大心血管学会和欧洲心脏病学会;此外,本发明还涉及一种用于该方法,该委员会尽一切努力坚持完善的指导方针,例如高级心脏生命支持(ACLS)和自动除颤的使用。委员会对证据进行了汇编和排名,如果数据来自涉及大量个体的多项随机临床试验,则证据的权重最高(A)。当数据来源于涉及相对较少患者的有限数量的试验或来自非随机研究或观察性数据登记的精心设计的数据分析时,给出中间等级(B)。如果专家的一致意见是建议的主要来源,则给予较低的等级(C)。为了便于使用,这些证据等级没有在最后文件中公布,但可应要求提供。对现有证据及其质量的分析对提出最后建议至关重要,
The ACC/AHA statement" Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction" was introduced in 1990, 1 following a time during which advances in cardiovascular knowledge and therapies proceeded at a pace and scope remarkable even for this century. A substantial body of knowledge and considerable clinical experience was gained in the last decade, and ACC/AHA leaders believed there was a compelling need to summarize this experience and provide guidelines for appropriate management of patients with acute MI. At that time the authors of the guidelines stated that although they believed they were" shooting at a moving target," enough had been established to develop appropriate guidelines. The guidelines were not intended as a rigid prescription but rather as a guide to be modified by clinical judgment, individual patient needs, and the findings of new studies. Revision of the original guidelines was clearly envisioned.The current committee was convened by the ACC/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines and charged at its first meeting, held November 12, 1994," to review a critical body of knowledge that has accumulated since 1990 and recommend whatever changes or revisions of the original guidelines that seem appropriate." The committee held seven 2-day meetings, convened 11 conference calls, and concluded its business at a final meeting held March 24, 1996. Pertinent medical literature in the English language was identified by a search of standard library databases for the 5 years preceding guideline development. An estimated 5000 publications were reviewed by committee members during the course of their deliberations. The committee reviewed many documents on the management or aspects of management of patients with acute MI published by other organizations, such as the American College of Chest Physicians, the American College of Physicians, the Canadian Cardiovascular Society, and the European Society of Cardiology; in addition, the committee made every effort to adhere to well-established guidelines such as those for advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) and use of automatic defibrillation. The committee compiled and ranked the evidence, with the weight of evidence ranked highest (A) if the data were derived from multiple randomized clinical trials involving large numbers of individuals. An intermediate rank (B) was given when the data were derived from a limited number of trials involving comparatively small numbers of patients or from wellconceived data analyses of nonrandomized studies or observational data registries. A lower rank (C) was given when consensus opinion of experts was the primary source of a recommendation. In the interest of ease of use, these evidence ranks are not published in the final document but are available upon request. The analysis of the available evidence, as well as its quality, was critical in making final recommendations and is
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