Nutrition in adolescents: physiology, metabolism, and nutritional needs
Nutrition in adolescents: physiology, metabolism, and nutritional needs
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DOI：
10.1111/nyas.13330
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发表时间：
2017-04-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Das, Jai K.;Salam, Rehana A.;Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.
青春期是从青春期开始到成年早期结束的发育时期。最常见的是，青春期分为三个发育时期：青春期早期（10-14岁）、青春期后期（15-19岁）和成年早期（20-24岁）。青春期的标志是身体和性成熟、社会和经济独立、身份的发展、获得开展成人关系和角色所需的技能以及抽象推理的能力。青春期的特点是生长速度仅次于婴儿期。营养和青少年过渡密切相关，因为饮食模式和行为受到许多因素的影响，包括同伴影响、父母榜样、食物供应、食物偏好、成本、便利性、个人和文化信仰、大众媒体和身体形象。在这里，我们描述青少年和怀孕青少年的生理、新陈代谢和营养需求，以及营养相关行为和青少年营养的当前趋势。最后，我们对营养干预措施的影响和需要进一步研究的优先领域进行了思考。
Adolescence is the period of development that begins at puberty and ends in early adulthood. Most commonly, adolescence is divided into three developmental periods: early adolescence (10-14 years of age), late adolescence (15-19 years of age), and young adulthood (20-24 years of age). Adolescence is marked by physical and sexual maturation, social and economic independence, development of identity, acquisition of skills needed to carry out adult relationships and roles, and the capacity for abstract reasoning. Adolescence is characterized by a rapid pace of growth that is second only to that of infancy. Nutrition and the adolescent transition are closely intertwined, since eating patterns and behaviors are influenced by many factors, including peer influences, parental modeling, food availability, food preferences, cost, convenience, personal and cultural beliefs, mass media, and body image. Here, we describe the physiology, metabolism, and nutritional requirements for adolescents and pregnant adolescents, as well as nutrition-related behavior and current trends in adolescent nutrition. We conclude with thoughts on the implications for nutrition interventions and priority areas that would require further investigation.