Effect of furnished small group housing systems and furnished cages on mortality and causes of death in two layer strains
Effect of furnished small group housing systems and furnished cages on mortality and causes of death in two layer strains
复制标题
带家具的小组饲养系统和带家具的笼子对两层品系死亡率和死因的影响
作者：
D. Weitzenbürger;A. Vits;H. Hamann;O. Distl
1.在两次试验中，记录了13045只罗曼选择来航鸡（LSL，白色蛋鸡品系）和4410只罗曼布朗（LB）蛋鸡在配备的小组饲养系统和配备的笼子中的死亡率和死亡原因。在试验1中，母鸡从第19周至第71周（LSL）和第17周至第69周（LB）圈养。在试验2中，LSL母鸡从第18周至第57周圈养。2.将母鸡以40只和60只为一组饲养在配备的小群饲养系统Eurovent 625 + a-EU中，并以10只和20只为一组饲养在配备的笼舍Aviplus和Eurovent 625 A-EU中。3.为了研究在垫料地板上或笼中饲养鸡对死亡率的可能影响，在试验2中，一半LSL母鸡在地板上饲养，一半在常规笼中饲养。4. Eurovent提供的小组饲养系统（5.2%）的死亡率高于提供的笼舍Aviplus（4.0%）和Eurovent（4.2%）。5.舍饲制度与试验、蛋鸡品系与饲养方式的交互作用对死亡率也有影响。在试验1中，更多的LB产蛋鸡死在Aviplus系统比在Eurovent组系统。在试验1中，不同舍饲系统间LSL蛋鸡的死亡率无显著差异。在试验2中，LSL母鸡的死亡率在组舍系统中（在垫料层上饲养的母鸡：10.1%;在笼中饲养的母鸡：2.8%）高于在提供的笼Aviplus中（在垫料层上饲养的母鸡：6.0%;在笼中饲养的母鸡：1.5%）。6.地板饲养的LSL蛋鸡的死亡率高于传统笼舍饲养的LSL蛋鸡。7.住房系统内的群体大小对死亡率没有显著影响。8.尸检时最常见的发现是不同类型的同类相食（65.51%），其中以通风口同类相食（38.57%）最为常见。
1. Mortality and causes of death were recorded over two trials with 13 045 Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL, white layer strain) and 4410 Lohmann Brown (LB) laying hens kept in furnished small group housing systems and furnished cages. In trial 1, hens were housed from weeks 19 to 71 (LSL) and 17 to 69 (LB). In trial 2, LSL hens were housed from weeks 18 to 57. 2. The hens were kept in groups of 40 and 60 in the furnished small group housing system Eurovent 625 + a-EU and in groups of 10 and 20 in the furnished cages Aviplus and Eurovent 625A-EU. 3. To investigate the possible effect on mortality of rearing the birds on litter floors or in cages, in trial 2 half of the LSL hens were reared on the floor and half in conventional cages. 4. Mortality was greater in the Eurovent furnished small group housing system (5·2%) than in the furnished cages Aviplus (4·0%) and Eurovent (4·2%). 5. Mortality was also affected by the interactions among housing system and trial, layer strain and rearing. In trial 1, more LB laying hens died in the Aviplus system than in the Eurovent group system. There was no significant difference in mortality of the LSL laying hens between housing systems in trial 1. In trial 2, mortality of the LSL hens was greater in the group housing system (hens reared on litter floors: 10·1%; hens reared in cages: 2·8%) than in the furnished cage Aviplus (hens reared on litter floors: 6·0%; hens reared in cages: 1·5%). 6. Mortality was greater in floor-reared LSL laying hens than in the LSL laying hens reared in conventional cages. 7. Group size within housing system had no significant effect on mortality. 8. The most common findings at autopsy were different types of cannibalism (65·51%), with vent cannibalism (38·57%) the most common.