Model quality objectives based on measurement uncertainty. Part II: NO2 and PM10
Model quality objectives based on measurement uncertainty. Part II: NO2 and PM10
复制标题
基于测量不确定性的质量目标模型。
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.07.045
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
P. Thunis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Pernigotti;M. Gerboles;C. Belis;P. Thunis
估算 NO2 和 PM10 的测量不确定度是一个复杂的问题，通常由实验人员专门针对每种类型的仪器和测量来解决。另一方面，正如 Thunis 等人提出的，当要根据观测值评估数值模型时，需要估计最大预期测量不确定度。 （2012年，简称T2012）。在一篇配套论文（Thunis 等人，2013 年，简称 T2013）中，提出了测量浓度函数的测量不确定度的简化公式，并将其应用于更简单的臭氧情况。本文对 NO2 和 PM10 应用了相同的方法，但使用不同的技术进行不确定性估计。对于 NO2，使用测量不确定性表达指南 JCGM（2008 年，简称 GUM）方法并应用于 2009 年每个城市 AirBase（1997 年）测量。对于 PM10，使用等效性演示指南（ECWG，2010）的方法来处理在特定监测活动期间或在 AirBase 数据库中并行使用的两个不同 PM 采样器所获得的数据。由此产生的浓度相关测量不确定性随后用于更新 T2012 中提出的 MQO（模型质量目标）和 MPC（模型性能标准）。还提出了年平均值测量不确定度的估计。
Estimating measurement uncertainty for NO2and PM10is a complex issue that is normally addressed by experimentalists specifically for every type of instrument and measurement. On the other hand, an estimate of the maximum expected measurement uncertainty is needed when a numerical model is to be evaluated against observations, as proposed in Thunis et al. (2012, referred to as T2012). In a companion paper (Thunis et al., 2013, referred to as T2013) a simplified formulation of the measurement uncertainty in function of the measured concentration is proposed and applied to the simpler case of Ozone. In this paper the same approach is applied for NO2and PM10, but using different techniques for the uncertainty estimation. For NO2the Guide to the expression of Uncertainty in Measurement JCGM (2008, referred to as GUM) approach is used and applied on each urban AirBase (1997) measurement over the year 2009. For PM10, the method of the Guide for the Demonstration of Equivalence (ECWG, 2010) is used on data obtained with two different PM samplers used in parallel either during specific monitoring campaign or as available within the AirBase database. The resulting concentration dependent measurement uncertainties are then used to update the MQO (Model Quality Objective) and MPC (Model Performance Criteria) proposed in T2012. An estimate of the measurement uncertainty for annual means is proposed as well.