Microglia Function in the Central Nervous System During Health and Neurodegeneration.
Microglia Function in the Central Nervous System During Health and Neurodegeneration.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-immunol-051116-052358
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发表时间：
2017-04-26
影响因子：
29.7
通讯作者：
Butovsky O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colonna M;Butovsky O
小胶质细胞是大脑的常驻细胞，调节大脑发育，维持神经网络和损伤修复。小胶质细胞作为脑巨噬细胞，但由于其独特的稳态表型和受中枢神经系统（CNS）微环境的严格调节，它与其他组织巨噬细胞不同。它们负责清除微生物、死细胞、冗余突触、蛋白质聚集体和其他可能危及中枢神经系统的颗粒性和可溶性抗原。此外，作为促炎细胞因子的主要来源，小胶质细胞是神经炎症的关键介质，可以诱导或调节广泛的细胞反应。小胶质细胞功能的改变与大脑发育和衰老以及神经变性有关。最近对小胶质细胞个体发生的观察，结合广泛的基因表达谱和研究小胶质细胞生物学的新工具，使我们能够表征小胶质细胞在发育、体内平衡和疾病期间的表型谱。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了我们对小胶质细胞生物学的理解的最新进展，它们对体内平衡的贡献，以及它们在神经退行性变中的参与。此外，我们强调了靶向小胶质细胞治疗神经退行性疾病干预的复杂性。
Microglia are resident cells of the brain that regulate brain development, maintenance of neuronal networks, and injury repair. Microglia serve as brain macrophages but are distinct from other tissue macrophages owing to their unique homeostatic phenotype and tight regulation by the central nervous system (CNS) microenvironment. They are responsible for the elimination of microbes, dead cells, redundant synapses, protein aggregates, and other particulate and soluble antigens that may endanger the CNS. Furthermore, as the primary source of proinflammatory cytokines, microglia are pivotal mediators of neuroinflammation and can induce or modulate a broad spectrum of cellular responses. Alterations in microglia functionality are implicated in brain development and aging, as well as in neurodegeneration. Recent observations about microglia ontogeny combined with extensive gene expression profiling and novel tools to study microglia biology have allowed us to characterize the spectrum of microglial phenotypes during development, homeostasis, and disease. In this article, we review recent advances in our understanding of the biology of microglia, their contribution to homeostasis, and their involvement in neurodegeneration. Moreover, we highlight the complexity of targeting microglia for therapeutic intervention in neurodegenerative diseases.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aaa3650
发表时间：
2015-03-27
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cirulli ET;Lasseigne BN;Petrovski S;Sapp PC;Dion PA;Leblond CS;Couthouis J;Lu YF;Wang Q;Krueger BJ;Ren Z;Keebler J;Han Y;Levy SE;Boone BE;Wimbish JR;Waite LL;Jones AL;Carulli JP;Day-Williams AG;Staropoli JF;Xin WW;Chesi A;Raphael AR;McKenna-Yasek D;Cady J;Vianney de Jong JM;Kenna KP;Smith BN;Topp S;Miller J;Gkazi A;FALS Sequencing Consortium;Al-Chalabi A;van den Berg LH;Veldink J;Silani V;Ticozzi N;Shaw CE;Baloh RH;Appel S;Simpson E;Lagier-Tourenne C;Pulst SM;Gibson S;Trojanowski JQ;Elman L;McCluskey L;Grossman M;Shneider NA;Chung WK;Ravits JM;Glass JD;Sims KB;Van Deerlin VM;Maniatis T;Hayes SD;Ordureau A;Swarup S;Landers J;Baas F;Allen AS;Bedlack RS;Harper JW;Gitler AD;Rouleau GA;Brown R;Harms MB;Cooper GM;Harris T;Myers RM;Goldstein DB
通讯作者：
Goldstein DB
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Arno, Benedetta;Grassivaro, Francesca;Muzio, Luca
通讯作者：
Muzio, Luca
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Cho, Mi-Hyang;Cho, Kwangmin;Yoon, Seung-Yong
通讯作者：
Yoon, Seung-Yong
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1318031110
发表时间：
2013-12-10
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Christian, Catherine A.;Huguenard, John R.
通讯作者：
Huguenard, John R.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Brites D;Fernandes A
通讯作者：
Fernandes A