Harvest control in open-access sport fisheries: Hot rod or asleep at the reel?
Harvest control in open-access sport fisheries: Hot rod or asleep at the reel?
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开放式游钓渔业的收获控制：热棒还是在卷轴上睡着了？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Walters
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Cox;T. Beard;C. Walters
随着沿海沃茨休闲捕鱼压力的增加，管理机构预计将失去对捕捞努力量、总收获量和用于种群评估的渔业信息的直接控制。收获控制将是困难的，因为大多数体育渔业仍然开放给公众无限制使用，没有直接许可证或努力限制。没有努力控制，管理策略，如袋限制，旨在控制总收获通常失败，因为他们规范个人垂钓者。我们开发了一个简单的休闲渔业动态模型，以表明目前的收获控制方法不应该被期望控制或减少开放式体育渔业的开发率。该模型的预测是：（1）线性努力量对鱼类丰度变化的响应，（2）鱼类丰度极限，低于该极限，努力量不会被吸引，（3）在低努力量下，开发量迅速增加。此外，预计利用在相对较宽的范围内对努力不敏感。经验数据表明，收获限制往往会减少消费垂钓者的参与，我们将这种效果的努力响应模型。我们的结论是，典型的规定，如袋限制和季节性关闭是不够激烈，影响总的开发。虽然袋的限制通常是无效的，其预期目的（直接收获减少），他们可能作为一种间接的努力控制手段，但只是暂时的。我们建议，体育渔业的管理者应考虑直接许可证限制或捕捞许可证的控制开发是必要的。
As sport-fishing pressures increase in coastal marine waters, management agencies are expected to lose direct control over fishing effort, total harvest, and fishery-based information for stock assessment. Harvest control will be difficult because most sport fisheries remain open to unlimited public use without direct license or effort limitation. Without effort control, management tactics such as bag limits aimed at controlling total harvest typically fail because they regulate individual anglers. We develop a simple model of recreational fishery dynamics to show that current harvest-control methods should not be expected to control or reduce exploitation rates in open-access sport, fisheries. The model predictions are (1) linear effort response to changes in fish abundance, (2) fish abundance limit below which effort is not attracted, and (3) rapidly increasing exploitation at low effort. Also, exploitation is expected to be insensitive to effort over a relatively wide range. Empirical data show that harvest restrictions tend to reduce participation by consumptive anglers, and we incorporate this effect into the effort-response model. We conclude that typical regulations such as bag limits and seasonal closures are not drastic enough to affect total exploitation. Although bag limits are usually ineffective for their intended purpose (direct harvest reduction), they probably act as an indirect means of effort control, but only temporarily. We suggest that managers of sport fisheries should consider direct license limitation or harvest permits where control of exploitation is needed.