Changes in activity and transcript level of liver and gill metabolic enzymes during smoltification in wild and hatchery-reared masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou)
Changes in activity and transcript level of liver and gill metabolic enzymes during smoltification in wild and hatchery-reared masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou)
复制标题
野生和孵化场饲养的马苏鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus masou）银化过程中肝脏和鳃代谢酶活性和转录水平的变化
DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.10.034
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Koide N and Ueda H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mizuno S;Urabe H;Aoyama T;Omori H;Iijima A;Kasugai K;Torao M;Misaka N;Koide N and Ueda H
证明人工放流孵化场饲养的小鲑鱼的生理问题对于北海道（日本北部）马苏鲑鱼 (Oncorhynchus masou) 种群增殖计划的成功非常重要。本研究检查了野生和孵化场马苏鲑鱼在银化过程中肝脏和鳃代谢参数的变化，并阐明了野生和孵化场鱼之间肝脏和鳃代谢的差异。作为本研究中适应淡水的野生和孵化场小鲑鱼的参考，研究了沿海小鲑鱼的代谢参数。 2008 年 3 月至 5 月期间，每月同一时间从县市川和使用县市河水进行鱼类养殖的道南研究分所采集野生一岁幼鱼和孵化小鲑鱼。6 月从北海道根室湾捕获沿海小鲑鱼。在野生鱼中观察到的银化过程中肝糖原含量降低，表明糖原分解被激活，但在孵化场鱼中却没有发现。孵化鱼在银化过程中肝脏 ATP 含量出现正变化，而野生鱼则出现负变化，这反映了银化过程中肝脏 ATP 储备的激活消耗。在野生鱼中发现了银化过程中鳃丙酮酸激酶活性的增加，表明糖酵解的激活，但在孵化场鱼中没有检测到。孵化场和野生鱼在银化过程中肝柠檬酸合酶活性增加的时间存在差异。在银化过程中鳃柠檬酸合酶活性增加，这在野生鱼中观察到，反映了柠檬酸循环的增强，但在孵化场鱼中没有发现。 5月份，与野生三鲑相比，孵化场小鲑鱼的肝细胞色素c氧化酶活性和一些呼吸链酶的转录水平较低，这表明孵化场鱼类在小鲑鱼中期的呼吸链能力较低。另一方面，在孵化场和野生鱼的银化过程中，与脂肪分解和肌酸激酶活性相关的肝脏和鳃3-羟酰基辅酶A脱氢酶没有显着差异，这些酶在磷酸肌酸的分解中发挥作用。这些结果表明孵化场马苏鲑鱼在碳水化合物代谢、柠檬酸循环和呼吸链方面存在一些代谢问题。我们的研究将为提高人工放流孵化场小鲑鱼的生理质量提供有价值的信息。
It is important for the success of the masu salmon, Oncorhynchus masou, stock enhancement program in Hokkaido (northern Japan) to demonstrate physiological problems in hatchery-reared (hatchery) smolt for artificial release. The present study examined changes in liver and gill metabolic parameters in wild and hatchery masu salmon during smoltification and elucidated differences in hepatic and gill metabolism between wild and hatchery fish. As reference to freshwater-adapted wild and hatchery smolt in this study, metabolic parameters of coastal smolt were studied. Yearling wild and hatchery smolting fish were collected from the Ken-ichi River and the Donan Research Branch, which used Ken-ichi river water for fish culture, at the same time every month from March through May 2008. Coastal smolts were caught from Nemuro Bay of Hokkaido in June. Decreased hepatic glycogen content during smoltification, which was observed in wild fish and revealed activation of glycogenolysis, was not found in hatchery fish. Hatchery fish demonstrated a positive change in hepatic ATP content during smoltification, while wild fish showed negative change in the content, which reflected activated consumption of hepatic ATP stores during smoltification. Increases in gill pyruvate kinase activity during smoltification, which were found in wild fish and indicated activation of glycolysis, were not detected in hatchery fish. There was a difference in increased timing of hepatic citrate synthase activity during smoltification between hatchery and wild fish. Increased gill citrate synthase activity during smoltification, which was observed in wild fish and reflected enhancement of the citric acid cycle, was not found in hatchery fish. Hatchery smolt revealed lower liver cytochrome c oxidase activity and transcript levels of some respiratory chain enzymes compared to wild smolt in May, which suggested lower respiratory chain capacity in hatchery fish at mid-smolt stage. On the other hand, there were no remarkable differences in hepatic and gill 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase related to lipolysis and creatine kinase activities, which operate in resolution of creatine phosphate, during smoltification between hatchery and wild fish. These results suggested hatchery masu salmon had some metabolic problems with carbohydrate metabolism, the citric acid cycle, and the respiratory chain. Our study will give valuable information to improve physiological quality of hatchery smolt for artificial release.