Friedrich Schlegel, Romanticism, and the Re‐enchantment of Nature
Friedrich Schlegel, Romanticism, and the Re‐enchantment of Nature
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弗里德里希·施莱格尔，浪漫主义与自然的重新魅惑
DOI：
10.1080/00201740510015338
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Alison Stone
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alison Stone
在本文中，我重构了施莱格尔的观点，即浪漫主义诗歌可以以一种与现代性的批评、自我批评和自由的认知和政治价值观独特兼容的方式重新迷惑自然。我追溯了施莱格尔早期关于自然的思考的几个阶段。首先，他批评现代文化的分析性、反思性理性形式，鼓励对自然的幻灭观。其次，他重新评估了这种现代形式的理性，认为它使一种讽刺性的、浪漫的诗歌成为可能，它将自然现象描绘成超越知识的潜在现实的神秘迹象。然而施莱格尔在此依赖于人类自由与自然必然性之间的对比，这种对比恢复了一种令人失望的自然观，即自然是完全可理解和可预测的。第三，因此，他将自然重新视为本质上具有创造力和诗意的，并重新思考人类创造力在于参与自然创造过程。他用“唯心主义现实主义”观点取代了他早期的“唯心主义”观点，即现实本身是不可知的，即现实作为创造性本质是可知的，但在其自发的创造力中，仍然无法完全理解。我认为施莱格尔对自然重新魅惑的第三种方法是他最一致和令人满意的，并且对于当代环境哲学在展示重新魅惑如何与现代性相容方面非常重要。
In this paper I reconstruct Schlegel's idea that romantic poetry can re‐enchant nature in a way that is uniquely compatible with modernity's epistemic and political values of criticism, self‐criticism, and freedom. I trace several stages in Schlegel's early thinking concerning nature. First, he criticises modern culture for its analytic, reflective form of rationality which encourages a disenchanting view of nature. Second, he re‐evaluates this modern form of rationality as making possible an ironic, romantic, poetry, which portrays natural phenomena as mysterious indications of an underlying reality that transcends knowledge. Yet Schlegel relies here on a contrast between human freedom and natural necessity that reinstates a disenchanting view of nature as fully intelligible and predictable. Third, therefore, he reconceives nature as inherently creative and poetic, rethinking human creativity as consisting in participation in natural creative processes. He replaces his earlier “idealist” view that reality is in itself unknowable with the “idealist realist” view that reality is knowable as creative nature, yet, in its spontaneous creativity, still eludes full comprehension. I argue that Schlegel's third approach to the re‐enchantment of nature is his most consistent and satisfactory, and is important for contemporary environmental philosophy in showing how re‐enchantment is compatible with modernity.