Proactive interference of a sequence of tones in a two-tone pitch comparison task
Proactive interference of a sequence of tones in a two-tone pitch comparison task
复制标题
在双音音高比较任务中主动干扰音调序列
DOI：
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
T. Ruusuvirta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Ruusuvirta
受试者比较标准音和对比音的音高，间隔1300-3000毫秒，并根据比较音的音高听起来比标准音高还是低做出反应。在每对音调之前以300毫秒的间隔呈现三个干扰音调。他们的音高范围各不相同，要么低于或高于标准音调的音高；在一些试验中，他们的音调与标准音调的音高相同(没有干扰)。当干扰音和比较音在音高上偏离标准音的同一方向时，演奏错误率最高。反过来，他们在相反方向上的偏差导致了最低的错误率。这种效应并不依赖于干扰音调是随机排列的还是单调排列的，与标准音调一起，形成有节奏的上升/下降序列。当干扰音调和标准音调相同时，发现演奏中的中等错误率。这一结果支持了在追溯干扰的背景下提出的假设，证明了声调序列在单个声调的表征水平上的主动干扰。
Subjects compared pitches of a standard tone and a comparison tone separated by 1,300–3,000 msec and responded according to whether the comparison tone sounded higher or lower in pitch than the standard tone. Three interfering tones at 300-msec intervals were presented before each pair of tones. Their pitch range varied, being either below or above the pitch of the standard tone; in some of the trials, their pitches were identical to the pitch of the standard tone (no interference). The highest error rate in performance was found when the interfering tones and the comparison tone deviated in the same direction in pitch from the standard tone. In turn, their deviations in the opposite directions resulted in the lowest error rate. This effect was not found to be dependent on whether the interfering tones were randomly ordered or monotonically ordered, together with the standard tone, into melodically ascending/descending sequences. An intermediate error rate in performance was found when the interfering tones and the standard tone were identical. The results support earlier hypotheses, presented in the context of retroactive interference, by demonstrating proactive interference of a tone sequence at the level of representations of individual tones.