Effect of identity and richness on ecological function in aggregations of 2 similarly sized unionid mussel species

Effect of identity and richness on ecological function in aggregations of 2 similarly sized unionid mussel species
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同一性和丰富度对两种大小相似的贻贝物种聚集体生态功能的影响

DOI:
10.1086/714278
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
Atkinson, Carla L.
Atkinson, Carla L.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nickerson, Zachary L.;Green, P. Anne;Shouse, Lauren N.;Atkinson, Carla L.

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评估物种特性和丰富度对全球濒危动物生态系统功能的影响,对于了解物种损失如何影响淡水生态系统至关重要。在这里,我们研究了一组濒危水生动物,淡水贻贝(双壳类:蚌科),生态系统功能的物种身份和丰富度的影响。采用围隔生态系统设计,我们进行了一项为期28天的研究,在该研究中,我们操纵物种的身份和丰富度,以研究高生物量贻贝聚集体对特定生态系统功能的影响,这些功能会影响河流中能量和营养物质的流动:底栖藻类积累,凋落物分解和凋落物C∶N。结果表明,相对于仅沉积物对照,贻贝聚集在整个研究的不同时间对生态系统功能产生了自下而上的巨大影响,促进了更多的底栖藻类积累并增强了枯枝落叶的分解。此外,我们观察到一个间歇性的,非加性的丰富的生态系统功能的影响,丰富的效果,虽然没有持续到研究结束。一般来说,我们观察到弱的影响,物种的身份和丰富度的研究结束时,但大的中间效应的物种丰富度表明,通过生态位互补性,物种丰富的贻贝聚集有一个非加性的影响,生态系统功能相对于单物种聚集,虽然在很短的时间尺度。我们的研究增加了蚌类在溪流生态系统中发挥的功能作用的知识,强调了在生态系统功能研究中考虑多物种群落的重要性,并建议未来的研究应全面研究物种的生态位,以揭示生物多样性-生态系统功能关系的驱动机制。
Assessing effects of species identity and richness on ecosystem function for globally imperiled fauna is imperative to understand how species loss affects freshwater ecosystems. Here, we examined the influence of species identity and richness within a group of imperiled aquatic fauna, freshwater mussels (Bivalvia:Unionidae), on ecosystem function. Using a mesocosm design, we conducted a 28-d study in which we manipulated species identity and richness to examine the influence of high-biomass mussel aggregations on specific ecosystem functions that affect flows of energy and nutrients in streams: benthic algal accrual, litter decomposition, and litter C∶N. Results showed that mussel aggregations had a large bottom-up effect on ecosystem function at different times throughout the study, fostering greater benthic algal accrual and enhancing litter decomposition relative to the sediment-only control. Further, we observed an intermittent, non-additive effect of richness on ecosystem function, though the richness effect did not persist to the end of the study. Generally, we observed weak effects of species identity and richness by the end of the study, but the large intermediate effect of species richness suggests that through niche complementarity, species-rich mussel aggregations had a non-additive effect on ecosystem function relative to single-species aggregations, albeit on a short timescale. Our study adds to the growing knowledge of the functional role unionid mussels play in stream ecosystems, underlines the importance of considering multi-species communities in studies of ecosystem function, and suggests that future research should wholly examine the niche of a species to reveal mechanisms driving biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships.
物种特征和环境条件决定不同营养级生物多样性影响之间的关系
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