On the selection of signals
On the selection of signals
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关于信号的选择
作者：
M. Posner;R. Klein;Jeffery Summers;Stephen Buggie
在以前的论文中，有人认为，警觉性，选择性（集）和处理能力（意识）可以被识别和研究作为注意力的独立组成部分。目前的论文发展了这一主题，表明警觉性并不影响记忆系统中信息的积累，而只是影响后来的系统对该信息做出反应的速度。因此，在标准的反应时间任务中，提高警觉性会减少反应时间，但不会减少错误。相比之下，提供S要处理的信号的模型提高了速度和精度。The，.与不匹配信号在其呈现之后的前200-300毫秒中相比，S要处理的模型的存在改变了对该特定信号的顶点神经响应。这种效应的三个原因是：匹配刺激的加速处理，匹配刺激的电响应的习惯化，以及不匹配的延长或增强的处理。证据支持第一种解释，但不能排除其他两种解释。
In a previous paper, it was argued that alertness, selectivity (set), and processing capacity (consciousness) could be identified and studied as separate components of attention. The current paper develops this theme by showing that alertness does not affect the buildup of information within the memory system but only the rate at which a later system responds to that information. Thus, in standard reaction-time tasks, increased alertness produces a reduction in reaction ’time but no decrease in errors. In contrast, providing a model of the signal the S is to process improved both speed and accuracy. The,. presence of a model of what the S is to process varies the vertex neural response to that specific signal as compared to a mismatching signal in the first 200–300 msec after its presentation. Three accounts of this effect are: speeded processing of a matching stimulus, habituation of the electrical response to a matching stimulus, and prolonged or enhanced processing of a mismatch. Evidence favors the first of these explanations, but the other two cannot be dismissed as possible contributors to this effect.