The conserved genetic background for pluteus arm development in brittlestars and sea urchin.
The conserved genetic background for pluteus arm development in brittlestars and sea urchin.
复制标题
海蛇尾和海胆的臀肌臂发育的保守遗传背景。
DOI：
10.1111/ede.12174
复制
发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hiroyuki Koga and Hiroshi Wada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yoshiaki Morino;Hiroyuki Koga and Hiroshi Wada
棘皮动物pluteus幼虫被认为是一个典型的例子，收敛进化发生在海胆和脆性恒星。已知有几个基因参与海胆中pluteus臂的发育，包括fgfA、pax 2/5/8、pea 3、otp、wnt 5和tet。为了确定这些基因是否也参与了幼虫臂的趋同进化，我们在脆性星星中测定了它们的表达模式。我们发现，所有的基因表现出类似的表达在臂的ophiopluteus棘，表明趋同进化pluteus武器发生招聘一组类似的基因。这可以通过我们的观察来解释，即其中一些基因也在直接型发育海胆的棘原基中表达。我们提出了一个进化的场景，其中棘足类和蛇足类的臂都是通过独立的共同选择负责成年骨骼投影的遗传模块获得的。
Echinoderm pluteus larvae are considered a classical example of convergent evolution that occurred in sea urchins and brittle stars. Several genes are known to be involved in the development of pluteus arms in sea urchins, includingfgfA,pax2/5/8,pea3,otp,wnt5, andtet. To determine whether the convergent evolution of larval arms also involves these genes in brittle stars, their expression patterns were determined in brittle star. We found that all genes showed similar expression in the arms of ophiopluteus to that seen in echinopluteus, suggesting that convergent evolution of pluteus arms occurred by recruitment of a similar set of genes. This may be explained by our observation that some of these genes are also expressed in the spine rudiment of direct‐type development sea urchins. We propose an evolutionary scenario wherein the pluteus arms of both echinopluteus and ophiopluteus were acquired by independent co‐options of the genetic module responsible for the projection of the adult skeleton.