The pigmentary effector system VI The dual character of endocrine co-ordination in amphibian colour change
The pigmentary effector system VI The dual character of endocrine co-ordination in amphibian colour change
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1931.0020
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发表时间：
1931-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Slome, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hogben, L;Slome, D
Color change was studied in Xenopus laevis with reference to the existence of a primary response of the pigmentary effector system independently of the eyes, and a secondary co-ordinated response for which the eye is the receptor organ. Responses in normal and eyeless animals, tested when the field of vision was occupied by a light-absorbing or light-reflecting surface, showed that whereas normal animals become dark or pale, respectively, under these conditions, the eyeless individuals remain in an intermediate condition, due to the partial expansion of the dermal melanophores. The latter demonstrates the primary response, which, however, is subordinate to the secondary in Xenopus. A study of time relations of the secondary response by shifting to and from various "background responses" suggests two separate mechanisms, one responsible for contraction, one for expansion of the melanophores. Since spinal transection at any level does not abolish the visual response, the nervous system is assumed to have no role in amphibian color change other than transmitting the stimulus from the eye, apparently to the pituitary gland. Evidence is presented that the "black background" response is controlled by a melanophore stimulant manufactured by the pars intermedia, and that the "white background" response is governed by the pars tuberalis or some other endocrine influenced by its activity.
