Recognizing the role of soil organic phosphorus in soil fertility and water quality
Recognizing the role of soil organic phosphorus in soil fertility and water quality
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DOI：
10.1016/j.resconrec.2015.10.001
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
Sharpley, A. N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dodd, R. J.;Sharpley, A. N.
尽管大规模实施的保护计划，旨在减少磷（P）从农业用地的损失，在流域尺度上的水质显着改善仍然难以捉摸。土地管理的变化影响土壤中磷的形态和循环，最近推广的保护措施，以改善土壤健康围绕增加土壤碳储量，从而增加土壤有机磷库。采用保护性耕作，使用覆盖作物，战略作物轮作，使用肥料，可以增加有机磷3-180%和微生物生物量库的磷30- 240%。有机磷在土壤肥力中的作用在目前的土壤测试方法中基本上被忽视了，这在许多情况下可以解释越来越多的试验中作物对推荐的肥料投入缺乏反应。相反，土壤有机磷正逐渐被认为是径流磷的潜在来源。本文探讨了采用广泛推广的“土壤健康”保护措施对土壤磷的形态和循环的影响，特别关注有机库和生物过程调节其积累和动员。大商店的有机磷存在于耕地和草地土壤和战略，增加植物的可用性，这些磷商店可以减少对外部磷输入的依赖，创造更可持续的磷利用。然而，更详细的，机械的知识，土壤有机磷循环，特别是通过微生物生物量，是必要的。此外，需要注意的是，以确保增加有机磷的可用性不会增加径流中的磷流失，有效地将磷汇转化为磷源。(C)2015 Elsevier B. V.版权所有。
Despite the large scale implementation of conservation schemes aimed at reducing phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural lands, significant improvements in water quality at the watershed scale remain elusive. Changes in land management influence the speciation and cycling of P within soils and recent promotion of conservation practices to improve soil health revolve around increasing soil carbon stores, thereby increasing the pool of soil organic P. Adopting conservation tillage, use of cover crops, strategic crop rotations, and use of manures can increase organic P by 3-180% and microbial biomass pool of P by 30-240%. The role of organic P in soil fertility has been largely ignored in current soil testing methods, which in many cases may explain the lack of crop response to recommended fertilizer inputs in a growing number of trials. Conversely, soil organic P is gaining recognition as a potential source of P to runoff. This review explores the impact of adopting widely promoted "soil health" conservation practices on the speciation and cycling of soil P, with particular focus on the organic pool and the biotic processes regulating its accumulation and mobilization. Large stores of organic P exist in arable and grassland soils and strategies that increase the plant availability of these P stores could reduce the reliance on external P inputs, creating more sustainable P use. However, more detailed, mechanistic knowledge of soil organic P cycling, especially through the microbial biomass, is required. Furthermore, caution is needed to ensure that increasing the availability of organic P does not increase P loss in runoff effectively turning P sinks into P sources. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.