Communism, Conformity, Cohorts, and Categories: American Tolerance in 1954 and 1972-73
Communism, Conformity, Cohorts, and Categories: American Tolerance in 1954 and 1972-73
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共产主义、从众、群体和类别：1954 年和 1972-73 年的美国宽容
DOI：
10.1086/226105
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发表时间：
1975
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
James A. Davis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
James A. Davis
Samuel A. Stouffer 1954年的调查与国家民意研究中心1972-73年的综合社会调查的重复数据进行了比较，以检验他关于年龄、年龄和教育对共产主义者和无神论者宽容程度的影响的预测。用一个包含分类变量的差分方程的流图模型来组织研究结果。主要结论如下：(1)耐受性反应平均增加约23%；(2)正如Stouffer预测的那样，大约4%的增长是由于受教育程度的队列效应；(3)约5%是由于队列替换本身；(4)约13%是由于所有队列和教育群体的容忍度增加，与Stouffer的预测相反；(5)大约1%是由于大学成绩的提高，而不是由队列计算的。
Samuel A. Stouffer's 1954 survey is compared with replication data in the National Opinion Research Center's 1972-73 General Social Surveys to check his Predictions regarding the effects of generation, age, and education on toleranceof Communists and atheists. A flow graph model for difference equations involving categorical variables is used to organize the findings. Major conclusions are these: (1) there has been an average increase of about 23% in tolerant responses; (2) about 4% of this increase is due to cohort effects on educational attainment, as Stouffer predicted; (3) about 5% is due to cohort repalcement per se; (4) about 13% is due to increasing tolerance among all cohort and education groups, the opposite of what Stouffer predicted; and (5) about 1% is due to increased college attainment not accounted for by cohort.