BUOYANCY OF CUTTLEFISH, SEPIA OFFICINALIS (L)
BUOYANCY OF CUTTLEFISH, SEPIA OFFICINALIS (L)
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DOI：
10.1017/s0025315400023948
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发表时间：
1961-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
GILPINBROWN, JB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DENTON, EJ;GILPINBROWN, JB
乌贼活体组织在海水中的多余重量大约由海螅骨平衡，海螅骨约占动物体积的9.3%。海螵蛸的密度在0.6左右变化。没有乌贼骨的乌贼的密度比海水大约高 4%。海螅的腔室彼此独立，但液体和气体可以在任何一个腔室内自由移动。船上新鲜捕获和研究的动物所表现出的墨鱼骨密度范围远小于水族箱中饲养的动物。水族箱中保存的标本的浮力差异很大。这些变化是由于墨鱼骨密度的变化造成的。海鱼骨的不同之处不在于每单位体积的干物质重量（始终接近 38%），而在于它们所含的液体量。密度为 0.7 的墨鱼骨含有约 30% 的液体，而密度为 0.5 的墨鱼骨含有约 10% 的液体。乌贼骨的其余部分含有气体，但这种气体的压力低于大气压。气体压力在0.8个大气压左右变化。在此描述的实验期间，无论骨密度如何，每单位体积骨的气体质量几乎保持恒定。乌贼骨内气体质量的恒定性可以用气体扩散到骨头中的缓慢程度来解释。液体通过墨鱼骨的管壁添加到墨鱼骨中或从墨鱼骨中除去。管管膜包含许多靠近骨头的壶腹，流入静脉。在鹦鹉螺管管排列的上皮细胞中发现了非常相似的血管系统。
The excess weight in sea water of the living tissues of Sepia officinalis is approximately balanced by the cuttlebone, which accounts for about 9.3% of the animal''s volume. The density of cuttlebone varies around 0.6. The cuttlefish without its cuttlebone would be about 4% denser than sea water. The chambers of the cuttlebone are independent of one another but liquids and gases are free to move within any one chamber. Animals caught and studied fresh aboard ship exhibited a much less wide range of cuttlebone densities than those kept in an aquarium. Specimens kept in aquaria vary greatly in buoyancy. These variations result from changes in density of the cuttlebone. Cuttlebones differ not in the weight of dry matter per unit volume, which is always close to 38%, but in the amount of liquid they contain. A cuttlebone of density 0.7 contains about 30% liquid whereas a cuttlebone of density 0.5 contains about 10% liquid. The remainder of the cuttlebone contains gas, but this gas is at less than atmospheric pressure. The pressure of gas varies around 0.8 atmosphere. Within the duration of the experiments described here, the mass of gas per unit volume of bone remained almost constant whatever the bone''s density. The constancy of the mass of gas within the cuttlebone is explained in terms of the slowness of diffusion of gases into the bone. Liquid is added to and removed from the cuttlebone through its siphuncular wall. The siphuncular membrane contains numerous ampullae close to the bone, draining into the veins. A very similar system of vessels has been found in the epithelium which lines the siphuncle of Nautilus.