SWALLOWING DYSFUNCTION IN ACUTELY ILL PATIENTS
SWALLOWING DYSFUNCTION IN ACUTELY ILL PATIENTS
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DOI：
10.1093/ptj/61.12.1755
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
ODER, LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ZIMMERMAN, JE;ODER, LA
吞咽问题在急性病患者中经常被忽视，因为他们没有考虑到吞咽口咽期的异常。即使是常用的描述性术语“吞咽困难”也更常意味着食物粘在食道中，而不是吞咽过程中呼吸道和消化道的生理分离受到干扰。为了强调吞咽异常，我们更喜欢吞咽功能障碍这个术语。在这篇综述中，我们描述了吞咽功能障碍的潜在致命后果，功能障碍在临床上是如何被识别的，以及在哪些情况下应该被怀疑。呼吸道和营养管理的某些方面也被描述，因为支持性医疗护理和康复治疗在急性病往往齐头并进。我们所描述的评估和康复治疗的方法相对简单，并且容易被综合医院或重症监护室中的忙碌工作人员所适应。尽管这些方法简单，但结果往往令人满意，可以挽救急性病患者的生命。
Swallowing problems are often unrecognized in acutely ill patients because of failure to consider abnormalities in the oropharyngeal phase of deglutition. Even the commonly used descriptive term dysphagia more often connotes food sticking in the esophagus rather than a disturbance in the physiologic separation of respiratory and digestive tracts during swallowing. To emphasize deglutitional abnormalities, we prefer the term swallowing dysfunction. In this review we describe the potentially fatal consequences of swallowing dysfunction, how dysfunction is recognized clinically, and the conditions in which it should be suspected. Certain aspects of airway and nutritional management are also described because supportive medical care and rehabilitative therapy in the acutely ill often go hand in hand. The methods of evaluation and rehabilitative treatment we describe are relatively simple and easily adapted by the busy staff in a general hospital or intensive care unit. Despite the simplicity of these methods, results are frequently gratifying and can be life saving in acutely ill patients.