Interphase Chromatin Undergoes a Local Sol-Gel Transition upon Cell Differentiation.
Interphase Chromatin Undergoes a Local Sol-Gel Transition upon Cell Differentiation.
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.126.228101
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发表时间：
2021-06-04
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
Zidovska A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eshghi I;Eaton JA;Zidovska A
细胞分化是干细胞成为特化细胞的过程，与细胞核内的染色质重组有关。在这里，我们测量了分化前后胚胎干细胞体内染色质的分布和动态。我们发现未分化的染色质比分化的染色质更致密、更均匀、更动态。此外，我们提出了一种非侵入性的流变学分析，使用内在的染色质动力学，这表明，未分化的染色质的行为像一个麦克斯韦流体，而分化的染色质显示出的共存的流体样（溶胶）和固体样（凝胶）相。我们的数据表明，染色质在细胞分化时经历了局部的溶胶-凝胶转变，对应于形成更致密和转录失活的异染色质。
Cell differentiation, the process by which stem cells become specialized cells, is associated with chromatin reorganization inside the cell nucleus. Here, we measure the chromatin distribution and dynamics in embryonic stem cells in vivo before and after differentiation. We find that undifferentiated chromatin is less compact, more homogeneous and more dynamic than differentiated chromatin. Further, we present a noninvasive rheological analysis using intrinsic chromatin dynamics, which reveals that undifferentiated chromatin behaves like a Maxwell fluid, while differentiated chromatin shows a coexistence of fluid-like (sol) and solid-like (gel) phases. Our data suggest that chromatin undergoes a local sol-gel transition upon cell differentiation, corresponding to the formation of the more dense and transcriptionally inactive heterochromatin.