HIV-1 molecular epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: origin, demography and migrations.
HIV-1 molecular epidemiology in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: origin, demography and migrations.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0017025
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发表时间：
2011-02-18
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Medstrand P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esbjörnsson J;Mild M;Månsson F;Norrgren H;Medstrand P
在西非，HIV - 1的流行主要由亚型A和重组形式CRF02_AG所主导。对于该地区HIV - 1的起源和进化史，人们知之甚少。我们采用最大似然法和贝叶斯方法，并结合时间和空间信息，重构了西非几内亚比绍的HIV - 1亚型分布、人口统计史以及随时间推移的迁移模式。我们发现，CRF02_AG和亚亚型A3是几内亚比绍HIV - 1的主要形式，它们在1976年至1981年期间至少有六次被传入该国。这些估计也与几内亚比绍首次报告的HIV - 1病例情况相符。迁移分析表明：（1）HIV - 1疫情始于首都比绍，然后扩散到更多农村地区；（2）几内亚比绍的疫情与喀麦隆和马里都有关联。这是第一项通过将亚型分布结果与疫情起源分析以及不同地点之间的流行病学联系相结合，来描述一个西非国家HIV - 1分子流行病学的研究。HIV - 1在短短五年内多次传入几内亚比绍，这与独立战争（1963 - 1974年）结束后该国的主要移民潮相吻合，并且很可能受到其影响。
The HIV-1 epidemic in West Africa has been dominated by subtype A and the recombinant form CRF02_AG. Little is known about the origins and the evolutionary history of HIV-1 in this region. We employed Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods in combination with temporal and spatial information to reconstruct the HIV-1 subtype distribution, demographic history and migration patterns over time in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. We found that CRF02_AG and subsubtype A3 were the dominant forms of HIV-1 in Guinea-Bissau and that they were introduced into the country on at least six different occasions between 1976 and 1981. These estimates also corresponded well with the first reported HIV-1 cases in Guinea-Bissau. Migration analyses suggested that (1) the HIV-1 epidemic started in the capital Bissau and then dispersed into more rural areas, and (2) the epidemic in Guinea-Bissau was connected to both Cameroon and Mali. This is the first study that describes the HIV-1 molecular epidemiology in a West African country by combining the results of subtype distribution with analyses of epidemic origin and epidemiological linkage between locations. The multiple introductions of HIV-1 into Guinea-Bissau, during a short time-period of five years, coincided with and were likely influenced by the major immigration wave into the country that followed the end of the independence war (1963–1974).
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