Evolution of modern humans: evidence from nuclear DNA polymorphisms.
Evolution of modern humans: evidence from nuclear DNA polymorphisms.
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现代人类的进化：核 DNA 多态性的证据。
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1992.0093
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cavalli-Sforza,LL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mountain,JL;Lin,AA;Bowcock,AM;Cavalli-Sforza,LL
以前，我们描述了基于经典遗传标记和核DNA多态性数据的现代人类进化研究。这种多态性提供了一个关于人类进化的不同观点，而不是线粒体DNA序列。在这里，我们将根据考古学数据估计的解剖学现代人类主要迁移的修订日期与根据经典标记等位基因频率构建的遗传树所建议的分离进行了帕雷。DNA多态性的分析现在已经扩展，并与经典标记的分析相一致;遗传树继续支持现代人类最初的非洲和非非洲分歧的假设。我们还开始测试非人类灵长类动物的一组人类DNA多态性。对于迄今为止测试的大多数多态性，人类与其他灵长类动物共享一个等位基因;这种共享的等位基因可能是祖先的。生活在潮湿的热带环境中的种群比其他种群具有更高的祖先等位基因频率，支持自然选择在某些环境中保持特定等位基因高频率的假设。
Previously we have described studies of the evolution of modern humans based upon data for classical genetic markers and for nuclear DNA polymorphisms. Such polymorphisms provide a different point of view regarding hum an evolution than do mitochondrial DNA sequences. Here we com pare revised dates for major migrations of anatomically modern humans, estimated from archaeological data, with separations suggested by a genetic tree constructed from classical marker allele frequencies. Analyses of DNA polymorphisms have now been extended and com pared with those of classical markers; genetic trees continue to support the hypothesis of an initial African and non-African divergence for modern humans. We have also begun testing non-hum an primates for a set of human DNA polymorphisms. For most polymorphisms tested so far, humans share a single allele with other primates; such shared alleles are likely to be ancestral. Populations living in humid tropical environments have significantly higher frequencies of ancestral alleles than do other populations, supporting the hypothesis that natural selection acts to maintain high frequencies of particular alleles in some environments.