Recent Advances in Syndactyly: Basis, Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Recent Advances in Syndactyly: Basis, Current Status and Future Perspectives.
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并指症的最新进展:基础、现状和未来展望

DOI:
10.3390/genes13050771
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发表时间:
2022-04-27
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Sun, Pingnan
Sun, Pingnan
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zaib, Tahir;Rashid, Hibba;Khan, Hanif;Zhou, Xiaoling;Sun, Pingnan

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全面总结并指畸形 (SD) 的最新知识对于理解 SD 的遗传病因和疾病管理非常重要。因此,这篇综述文章提供了 SD 的背景信息,以及对表型和遗传异质性的见解、各种 SD 类型中新发现的基因突变、HOXD13 在肢体畸形中的作用,以及最近介绍的 SD 的现代外科技术。本文还提出了一种遗传分析程序,以便在未来获得更清晰的 SD 基因型-表型相关性。我们简要描述了基于可变表型的非综合征性 SD 的分类,以解释不同表型特征和负责不同类型 SD 发病机制的各种基因的突变。我们描述了 HOXD13 中不同类型的突变如何导致各种类型的 SD,以及 HOXD13 中的突变如何影响其与其他基因的相互作用,这可能是差异表型和不完全外显率背后的原因之一。此外,我们还讨论了一些最近引进的现代外科技术,如游离植皮、改良皮瓣技术、真皮脂肪移植结合Z法切口,这些技术已成功应用于临床,无术后并发症。
A comprehensive summary of recent knowledge in syndactyly (SD) is important for understanding the genetic etiology of SD and disease management. Thus, this review article provides background information on SD, as well as insights into phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, newly identified gene mutations in various SD types, the role of HOXD13 in limb deformities, and recently introduced modern surgical techniques for SD. This article also proposes a procedure for genetic analysis to obtain a clearer genotype–phenotype correlation for SD in the future. We briefly describe the classification of non-syndromic SD based on variable phenotypes to explain different phenotypic features and mutations in the various genes responsible for the pathogenesis of different types of SD. We describe how different types of mutation in HOXD13 cause various types of SD, and how a mutation in HOXD13 could affect its interaction with other genes, which may be one of the reasons behind the differential phenotypes and incomplete penetrance. Furthermore, we also discuss some recently introduced modern surgical techniques, such as free skin grafting, improved flap techniques, and dermal fat grafting in combination with the Z-method incision, which have been successfully practiced clinically with no post-operative complications.
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