Ethnic Diversity and Its Effects on Social Cohesion
Ethnic Diversity and Its Effects on Social Cohesion
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-soc-071913-043309
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发表时间：
2014-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Meer;J. Tolsma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Meer;J. Tolsma
近年来，关于种族多样性对社会凝聚力的大多数方面（如果不是所有方面的话）的假设性有害影响的实证研究急剧增加。研究仔细审查了不同地理区域的不同种族异质性措施对不同形式的社会凝聚力的影响。其结果是一个不和谐的经验发现。我们解释的机制可能是种族异质性和社会凝聚力之间的负面关系的基础：同质性原则，感觉失范，群体威胁和社会解体。在一个清晰的概念框架的指导下，我们构建了90项近期研究的实证结果，并观察到三种模式。我们发现，（a）有一致的支持收缩索赔方面的社会凝聚力，空间上有界的邻里，（B）支持收缩索赔是在美国比在其他国家更常见，（c）种族多样性是不相关的种族间的社会凝聚力。我们讨论这些模式的影响。
Recent years have seen a sharp increase in empirical studies on the constrict claim: the hypothesized detrimental effect of ethnic diversity on most if not all aspects of social cohesion. Studies have scrutinized effects of different measures of ethnic heterogeneity in different geographical areas on different forms of social cohesion. The result has been a cacophony of empirical findings. We explicate mechanisms likely to underlie the negative relationship between ethnic heterogeneity and social cohesion: the homophily principle, feelings of anomie, group threat, and social disorganization. Guided by a clear conceptual framework, we structure the empirical results of 90 recent studies and observe three patterns. We find that (a) there is consistent support for the constrict claim for aspects of social cohesion that are spatially bounded to neighborhoods, (b) support for the constrict claim is more common in the United States than in other countries, and (c) ethnic diversity is not related to less interethnic social cohesion. We discuss the implications of these patterns.