Adaptive Water Resource Management for Taste and Odor Control for the Anderson Regional Joint Water System
Adaptive Water Resource Management for Taste and Odor Control for the Anderson Regional Joint Water System
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2016
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通讯作者：
M. Huddleston;J. Rodgers;Kalya Wardlaw;Tyler D. Geer;Alyssa Calomeni;Scott Willett;Jennifer Barrington;David Melton;J. Chastain;Martin Bowen;Michael M. Spacil
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作者：
M. Huddleston;J. Rodgers;Kalya Wardlaw;Tyler D. Geer;Alyssa Calomeni;Scott Willett;Jennifer Barrington;David Melton;J. Chastain;Martin Bowen;Michael M. Spacil
位于南卡罗来纳州安德森的安德森区域联合供水系统（ARJWS）在哈特韦尔湖六号和二十号溪海湾的处理厂的原水和成品水中经历了间歇性的味道和气味问题，使得难以或不可能提供客户期望的优质饮用水（无气味）。自适应管理策略的实施，开始确定的味道和气味问题的来源，萜烯醇[2-甲基异黄酮（MIB）和土臭素]产生的底栖藻类（如蓝绿藻和硅藻）。2014年夏天，哈特韦尔湖的MIB浓度超过万亿分之2,000，根据实验室研究产生味道和气味的藻类对候选除藻剂的反应结果，制定了立即的除藻剂应用计划。将过氧化物配制剂除藻剂和螯合铜配制剂除藻剂（均由美国EPA注册用于饮用水源并由国家卫生基金会认证）施加到水柱的底部两英尺。处理了大约160英亩的哈特韦尔湖沿岸的区域（从海岸线到25'深度等高线）和ARJWS取水口结构周围的4英亩。治疗前MIB浓度范围为102 - 106 ng/L，治疗后12天降至14 ng/L。土臭素从给药前的14 ng/L降至给药后12天的5 ng/L。为了完善未来除藻剂应用计划（2015年），对结果进行了补充，使用敏感的哨兵鱼类和无脊椎动物物种对哈特韦尔湖水和沉积物进行了毒性测试，以确定可能接触除藻剂的非目标物种的安全范围。此外，还对ARJWS进水口结构上游流域进行了水文研究，以确定特定的味道和气味来源区域以及水力行程时间。2015年实施了一项完善的管理战略，针对湖泊的特定区域使用规定的除藻剂。自2015年启动除藻剂应用以来，ARJWS水源水的味道和气味得到了控制，同时保护了宝贵的哈特韦尔湖水生资源。
The Anderson Regional Joint Water System (ARJWS) in Anderson, South Carolina, had experienced intermittent taste and odor problems in raw and finished water from the treatment plant on the Six and Twenty Creek cove of Hartwell Lake, making it difficult or impossible to provide the quality drinking water (odor-free) that customers expect. An adaptive management strategy was implemented that began with identifying the source of taste and odor problems as terpene alcohols [2-methylisoborneol (MIB) and geosmin] produced by benthic algae (e.g. bluegreen algae and diatoms). With MIB concentrations of over 2,000 parts per trillion in Hartwell Lake in the summer of 2014, an immediate algaecide application plan was developed based on results from a laboratory study of responses of taste and odor producing algae to candidate algaecides. A peroxide formulation algaecide and a chelated copper formulation algaecide (both registered for application to drinking water sources by U.S. EPA and certified by the National Sanitation Foundation) were applied to the bottom two feet of the water column. Approximately 160 acres of the Hartwell Lake littoral zone (from the shore line to the 25’ depth contour) and 4 acres around the ARJWS water intake structure were treated. Pre-treatment MIB concentrations ranged from 102 to 106 ng/L, and declined to 14 ng/L twelve days after treatment. Geosmin decreased from 14 ng/L prior to treatment to 5 ng/L twelve days after treatment. To refine plans for future algaecide applications (in 2015), results were supplemented with a regimen of toxicity tests of Hartwell Lake water and sediments using sensitive, sentinel fish and invertebrate species to establish margins of safety for non-target species potentially exposed to algaecides. In addition, a hydrological study of the watershed upstream of the ARJWS intake structure was conducted to identify specific taste and odor source areas and hydraulic time of travel. A refined management strategy was implemented in 2015, targeting specific areas of the lake with prescribed algaecide applications. Since initiating 2015 algaecide applications, taste and odor have been controlled in ARJWS source water while protecting valued Hartwell Lake aquatic resources.