Who has access to urban vegetation? A spatial analysis of distributional green equity in 10 US cities
Who has access to urban vegetation? A spatial analysis of distributional green equity in 10 US cities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.007
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Lu, Yuhao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nesbitt, Lorien;Meitner, Michael J.;Lu, Yuhao
本研究采用高分辨率土地覆盖数据和人口普查数据，考察了美国10个城市化地区城市植被的分布公平性。在分析中，城市植被以三种方式（混合植被、木本植被和公园）为特征，以反映不同类型城市植被提供的可变生态系统服务。数据进行了分析，在块组和人口普查区一级使用斯皮尔曼的相关性和空间自回归模型。大多数城市的城市植被与高等教育和收入之间存在很强的正相关性。种族化的少数民族地位和城市植被之间的负相关性被观察到，但在多变量分析中，包括额外的变量，如教育，收入和人口密度是较弱的，不太常见。公园面积比混合和木本植被分布更公平，尽管所有城市和植被类型都存在不公平现象。研究发现，教育和收入与城市植被分布的关系最密切，但其他各种因素也影响着城市植被分布的格局，具体的不平等格局因当地情况而异。这些结果突出了不同的城市植被措施的重要性，并提出了潜在的解决方案，城市绿色不公平的问题。城市可以利用我们的研究结果为决策提供信息，重点是改善城市环境中的环境正义。
This research examines the distributional equity of urban vegetation in 10 US urbanized areas using very high resolution land cover data and census data. Urban vegetation is characterized three ways in the analysis (mixed vegetation, woody vegetation, and public parks), to reflect the variable ecosystem services provided by different types of urban vegetation. Data are analyzed at the block group and census tract levels using Spearman's correlations and spatial autoregressive models. There is a strong positive correlation between urban vegetation and higher education and income across most cities. Negative correlations between racialized minority status and urban vegetation are observed but are weaker and less common in multivariate analyses that include additional variables such as education, income, and population density. Park area is more equitably distributed than mixed and woody vegetation, although inequities exist across all cities and vegetation types. The study finds that education and income are most strongly associated with urban vegetation distribution but that various other factors contribute to patterns of urban vegetation distribution, with specific patterns of inequity varying by local context. These results highlight the importance of different urban vegetation measures and suggest potential solutions to the problem of urban green inequity. Cities can use our results to inform decision making focused on improving environmental justice in urban settings.