NEUROANATOMICAL CORRELATES OF ENCODING IN EPISODIC MEMORY - LEVELS OF PROCESSING EFFECT
NEUROANATOMICAL CORRELATES OF ENCODING IN EPISODIC MEMORY - LEVELS OF PROCESSING EFFECT
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.91.6.2008
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发表时间：
1994-03-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
BROWN, GM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KAPUR, S;CRAIK, FIM;BROWN, GM
对记忆过程的认知研究表明，对刺激的记忆是其编码方式的函数；经过语义处理的刺激比那些以感知或浅层方式处理的刺激更容易被记住。本研究探讨这种认知现象的神经相关性。12名受试者对一系列视觉呈现的名词进行了两种不同的认知任务。在一项任务中，受试者检测字母“a”的有无；在另一项任务中，受试者将每个名词归类为有生命的或无生命的。在两项任务过程中都进行了使用O - 15标记水的正电子发射断层扫描（PET）。与在检测“a”的任务中看到的名词相比，受试者对在有生命/无生命任务中看到的名词表现出明显更好的再认记忆。对两项认知任务之间的PET图像进行比较，发现与感知任务相比，语义任务中左下前额叶皮质（布罗德曼区45、46、47和10）有显著激活。我们提出，记忆过程由一个广泛的神经认知网络支持，并且编码过程涉及左下前额叶皮质结构的优先激活。
Cognitive studies of memory processes demonstrate that memory for stimuli is a function of how they are encoded; stimuli processed semantically are better remembered than those processed in a perceptual or shallow fashion. This study investigates the neural correlates of this cognitive phenomenon. Twelve subjects performed two different cognitive tasks on a series of visually presented nouns. In one task, subjects detected the presence or absence of the letter a; in the other, subjects categorized each noun as living or nonliving. Positron emission tomography (PET) scans using O-15-labeled water were obtained during both tasks. Subjects showed substantially better recognition memory for nouns seen in the living/nonliving task, compared to nouns seen in the a-checking task. Comparison of the PET images between the two cognitive tasks revealed a significant activation in the left inferior prefrontal cortex (Brodmann's areas 45, 46, 47, and 10) in the semantic task as compared to the perceptual task. We propose that memory processes are subserved by a wide neurocognitive network and that encoding processes involve preferential activation of the structures in the left inferior prefrontal cortex.