ELASTIC DEFORMATION AND THE LAWS OF FRICTION
ELASTIC DEFORMATION AND THE LAWS OF FRICTION
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rspa.1957.0214
复制
发表时间：
1957-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
ARCHARD, JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ARCHARD, JF
本文检验了表面突起物弹性变形的假设是否与摩擦力与载荷成正比的阿蒙顿定律相一致。对于一个单一的弹性接触，已知接触面积A与载荷W的幂次方成正比。由于摩擦力通常被假定为与A成正比，人们认为在弹性变形中不遵守阿蒙顿定律。然而，协调的表面通常在许多点接触，它表明，在这些情况下，A和W变得几乎成比例。实验表明，一般的法律是，摩擦成正比的真实面积的接触，是否服从阿蒙顿定律取决于表面形貌。对于高弹性材料，如有机玻璃，当接触点多时，服从阿蒙顿定律，当接触点少时，观察到A和Ware之间的其他关系。润滑黄铜试样的实验表明，同样的结论适用于精心准备或良好运行的金属表面运行的条件下，损坏是小的。
This paper examines whether the hypothesis of elastic deformation of surface protuberances is consistent with Amontons’s law, that the friction is proportional to the applied load. For a single elastic contact, the area of contactAis known to be proportional to the ⅔ power of the loadW. Since the frictional force is generally assumed to be proportional toA, it has been thought that in elastic deformation Amontons’s law would not be obeyed. However, conforming surfaces usually touch at many points, and it is shown that in these circumstancesAandWbecome nearly proportional. Experiments are described which show that the general law is that the friction is proportional to the true area of contact; whether or not Amontons’s law is obeyed depends upon the surface topography. For highly elastic materials such as Perspex, Amontons’s law is obeyed when contact is made at many points, and other relations betweenAandWare observed when the contacts are few. Experiments with lubricated brass specimens show that the same conclusions apply to carefully prepared or well run-in metal surfaces running in conditions where the damage is small.