Increases in Heroin Overdose Deaths — 28 States, 2010 to 2012
Increases in Heroin Overdose Deaths — 28 States, 2010 to 2012
复制标题
海洛因过量死亡人数增加——28 个州，2010 年至 2012 年
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anne Zehner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. A. Rudd;L. Paulozzi;M. Bauer;Richard W. Burleson;Rick E. Carlson;Dan Dao;James W. Davis;J. Dudek;B. Eichler;Jessie C Fernandes;Anna Fondario;B. Gabella;Beth Hume;Theron Huntamer;M. Kariisa;T. Largo;JoAnne Miles;Ashley Newmyer;Daniela K. Nitcheva;B. Pérez;Scott K. Proescholdbell;Jennifer C. Sabel;Jessica Skiba;S. Slavova;Kathy Stone;John M. Tharp;T. Wendling;Dagan Wright;Anne Zehner
在全国范围内，处方阿片类止痛药（OPR）过量使用的死亡率在1999-2010年期间翻了两番，而海洛因过量使用的死亡率增加了不到50%。自2010年以来，个别州和城市报告海洛因过量死亡人数大幅增加。疾病预防控制中心分析了来自28个州的近期死亡率数据，以确定海洛因过量死亡增加的范围，并确定自2010年以来，增加是否与OPR过量死亡率的变化有关。本报告总结了该分析的结果，该分析发现，从2010年到2012年，28个州海洛因过量死亡率从每10万人1.0人上升到2.1人，而OPR过量死亡率从2010年的每10万人6.0人下降到2012年的每10万人5.6人。男女、所有年龄组、所有人口普查区域和除美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加土著人以外的所有种族/族裔群体的海洛因过量死亡率都显著增加。OPR药物过量死亡率在男性、45岁以下人群、南方人群和非西班牙裔白人中显著下降。5个州的OPR死亡率上升，7个州下降，16个州没有变化。在统计上可靠的海洛因过量死亡率（即以至少20例死亡为基础的死亡率）的18个州中，有15个州报告上升。OPR死亡率的下降与海洛因死亡率的增加无关。研究结果表明，需要加强预防工作，旨在减少所有类型阿片类药物的过量死亡，同时认识到海洛因和opr使用人群之间的人口统计学差异。应继续努力防止在海洛因可用时可能使用海洛因的OPR使用者人数增加。
Nationally, death rates from prescription opioid pain reliever (OPR) overdoses quadrupled during 1999-2010, whereas rates from heroin overdoses increased by <50%. Individual states and cities have reported substantial increases in deaths from heroin overdose since 2010. CDC analyzed recent mortality data from 28 states to determine the scope of the heroin overdose death increase and to determine whether increases were associated with changes in OPR overdose death rates since 2010. This report summarizes the results of that analysis, which found that, from 2010 to 2012, the death rate from heroin overdose for the 28 states increased from 1.0 to 2.1 per 100,000, whereas the death rate from OPR overdose declined from 6.0 per 100,000 in 2010 to 5.6 per 100,000 in 2012. Heroin overdose death rates increased significantly for both sexes, all age groups, all census regions, and all racial/ethnic groups other than American Indians/Alaska Natives. OPR overdose mortality declined significantly among males, persons aged <45 years, persons in the South, and non-Hispanic whites. Five states had increases in the OPR death rate, seven states had decreases, and 16 states had no change. Of the 18 states with statistically reliable heroin overdose death rates (i.e., rates based on at least 20 deaths), 15 states reported increases. Decreases in OPR death rates were not associated with increases in heroin death rates. The findings indicate a need for intensified prevention efforts aimed at reducing overdose deaths from all types of opioids while recognizing the demographic differences between the heroin and OPR-using populations. Efforts to prevent expansion of the number of OPR users who might use heroin when it is available should continue.