When it's good to have MAITs.
When it's good to have MAITs.
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DOI：
10.1111/imcb.12402
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Corbett AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Souter MN;McCluskey J;Corbett AJ
结核病（TB）是一种古老的疾病，有着令人印象深刻的人类长期痛苦的历史。以前的方法利用免疫反应结核分枝杆菌（M。结核病的病原体，结核病），在减少结核病的全球负担方面基本上是无效的。在细菌免疫的新的细胞球员是粘膜相关的不变T（MAIT）细胞。在最近发表在《粘液免疫学》上的一项研究中，Sakai等人检查了MAIT细胞对M. tb和测试的感染前（疫苗接种）或感染后（治疗性）MAIT细胞加强方案以增强M.小鼠模型中的肺结核清除率。令人惊讶的是，作者观察到MAIT细胞反应增强的时间导致了M.结核免疫力。历史上，TB通常被称为“消耗”，来自古希腊的“Phthisis”，描述了一种特征性的“消耗性疾病”的性质。公共卫生的改善和后来有效抗生素的出现大大减少了发达国家的“消费”。尽管取得了这些成就，M。结核感染仍然是一种传染性病原体造成死亡的主要原因。此外，M.结核病非常流行，感染了大约四分之一的人，特别是在发展中国家，每年还有一千万人被诊断出结核病。唯一批准用于预防结核病的疫苗是卡介苗（BCG），这是一种减毒活牛分枝杆菌制剂，对人体的疗效各不相同。开发卡介苗替代品的尝试因缺乏多样性和开发管道停滞而受到批评2。很明显，对包括结核病在内的分枝杆菌疾病的免疫力仍然知之甚少。虽然药物治疗仍然是结核病的金标准治疗，但耐药M。因此，重新努力解决我们对分枝杆菌免疫的理解中剩余的谜团，Sakai等人部分描述了MAIT细胞，可能会使我们更明智的疫苗设计，使我们更接近减少M的负担。结核病在全球蔓延。
Tuberculosis (TB) is an old disease with an impressive history of persistent human affliction throughout time. Previous approaches to harness the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), the causative agent of TB, have been largely ineffective at reducing the global burden of TB. Among the new cellular players in bacterial immunity are mucosalassociated invariant T (MAIT) cells. In a recent study published in Mucosal Immunology1, Sakai et al. examined the MAIT cell response to M. tb and tested pre-infection (vaccination) or post-infection (therapeutic) MAIT cell boosting regimens to enhance M. tb clearance in a mouse model. Surprisingly, the authors observed that the timing of the boosted MAIT cell response resulted in profoundly different outcomes for M. tb immunity.Historically, TB was commonly referred to as “consumption”, from the ancient Greek “Phthisis”, describing the nature of a characteristic “wasting disease”. Improvements in public health and later the emergence of effective antibiotics dramatically reduced the presence of “consumption” in the developed world. Despite these successes, M. tb infections remain the leading cause of mortality from an infectious agent. Moreover, M. tb is highly prevalent, infecting approximately one quarter of all humans, particularly in the developing world, where a further ten million diagnoses are made each year. The only vaccine approved for prevention of TB is Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a live, attenuated preparation of Mycobacterium bovis which has variable efficacy in humans. Attempts to develop an alternative to the BCG vaccine have been met with criticism for lacking diversity and stagnant development pipelines2. It is clear that immunity to mycobacterial diseases, including TB, is still poorly understood. While drug therapy remains the gold standard treatment for TB, the emergence of drug-resistant M. tb has made it increasingly challenging to treat. Thus, renewed effort to resolve the remaining mysteries in our understanding of mycobacterial immunity, described in part for MAIT cells by Sakai et al., may lead us to more informed vaccine design and bring us a step closer to reducing the burden of M. tb infection globally.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aax6624
发表时间：
2019-10-25
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Constantinides MG;Link VM;Tamoutounour S;Wong AC;Perez-Chaparro PJ;Han SJ;Chen YE;Li K;Farhat S;Weckel A;Krishnamurthy SR;Vujkovic-Cvijin I;Linehan JL;Bouladoux N;Merrill ED;Roy S;Cua DJ;Adams EJ;Bhandoola A;Scharschmidt TC;Aubé J;Fischbach MA;Belkaid Y
通讯作者：
Belkaid Y
在肺内感染期间，MAIT细胞促进炎症单核细胞分化为树突状细胞。
DOI：
10.1084/jem.20160637
发表时间：
2016-11-14
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Meierovics AI;Cowley SC
通讯作者：
Cowley SC
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Katelaris, Anthea L.;Jackson, Charlotte;Abubakar, Ibrahim
通讯作者：
Abubakar, Ibrahim
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Gold MC;Cerri S;Smyk-Pearson S;Cansler ME;Vogt TM;Delepine J;Winata E;Swarbrick GM;Chua WJ;Yu YY;Lantz O;Cook MS;Null MD;Jacoby DB;Harriff MJ;Lewinsohn DA;Hansen TH;Lewinsohn DM
通讯作者：
Lewinsohn DM
影响因子：
8
作者：
Sakai S;Kauffman KD;Oh S;Nelson CE;Barry CE 3rd;Barber DL
通讯作者：
Barber DL