Visible Implant Elastomer as a Viable Marking Technique for Common Mistfrogs (Litoria rheocola)
Visible Implant Elastomer as a Viable Marking Technique for Common Mistfrogs (Litoria rheocola)
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可见植入弹性体作为常见雾蛙（Litoria rheocola）的可行标记技术
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
L. Schwarzkopf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Sapsford;R. Alford;L. Schwarzkopf
摘要：标记再捕获研究通常用于量化招募率和存活率，生长速度和模式，以及个体运动等。标记技术必须满足几个标准——标记应该：(1)不影响个体的行为或生存；(2)不造成不适当的痛苦或压力；(3)持续时间与学习时间一样长；(4)易于识别。可见植入弹性体（VIE）标签可用于标记脊椎动物，包括两栖动物，但可以在皮肤下移动，可能会影响可读性，并导致对分散和生存的估计。我们在1年多的时间里检验了VIE作为一种常见雾蛙（Litoria rheocola）标记技术的有效性。我们确定了标记随时间的可读性，并评估了标记对青蛙运动测量的影响。如果标记影响了被标记的后肢的活动，我们预计在两条腿上标记的受试者将受到更强烈的影响（因此，个体应该更少地移动），或者应该比只在一条腿上标记的受试者移动更短的距离。我们在1392只动物的右、左或两条腿的大腿皮下做了标记，并至少捕获了255只受试者。我们发现84%的标记在1年后仍然可读。用一条腿或两条腿标记的青蛙的运动参数非常相似。我们认为VIE是一种安全有效的标记技术，可用于两栖动物的长期研究，特别是溪流相关的蛙类。
Abstract: Mark–recapture studies are often used to quantify rates of recruitment and survival, growth rates and patterns, and individual movement, among other things. Marking techniques must satisfy several criteria—marks should: (1) not affect the behavior or survival of individuals; (2) not cause undue pain or stress; (3) last as long as the study; and (4) be easily identifiable. Visible implant elastomer (VIE) tags can be used to mark vertebrates, including amphibians, but can move under the skin, potentially affecting readability and resulting estimates of dispersal and survival. We examined the effectiveness of VIE as a marking technique for Common Mistfrogs (Litoria rheocola) in the field over 1 yr. We determined the readability of marks over time, and evaluated effects of marking on measurements of frog movement. If marking affected mobility of the marked rear limb, we expected that subjects marked in both legs would be more strongly affected (thus, individuals should move less often), or should move shorter distances, than subjects marked in only one leg. We marked 1392 animals under the skin of the thighs in either the right, left, or both legs and recaptured 255 subjects at least once. We found that 84% of marks remained readable after 1 yr. Movement parameters were very similar between frogs marked in one or two legs. We conclude that VIE is a safe and effective marking technique for long-term amphibian studies, especially for stream-associated hylid frogs.