Volcanic gases and sublimates from Showashinzan
Volcanic gases and sublimates from Showashinzan
复制标题
昭和新山的火山气体和升华物
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1962
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Oana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Oana
从昭和山喷出的火山气体在性质上与从火成岩中释放出来的气体在真空中加热时相同。它们的主要成分是H2O， CO2和H2。然后依次是HCl、HF、N2、SO2、H2S、S、CH4、CO、Ar、Si、B、Mg、Na、K、Ca、Al、Fe、P、Br、NH3、As、Zn、Sr、Ba、Cu、Pb、Sn、Sb、Bi、Ge、Ag、Cr、Ni、Mo、Rn、Ra等。它们来自高温（~ 750℃）的喷气孔。金属化合物以升华物的形式在喷气孔出口周围沉积。根据它们的热力学性质，它们在那里被分馏。当气体温度下降时，重金属元素在到达地球表面之前就沉积下来了。Ra就是其中之一。由于Ra的沉积，低温喷气孔的蒸汽中Rn的含量高于高温喷气孔。H、C、N、O、S等化合物的组成随着温度和压力的变化而变化。硫以SO2的形式多于以H2S的形式存在。随着气体温度的降低，SO2和H2减少，H2S增加。它们之间的相互关系遵循化学平衡：SO2+3H2=H2S+2H2O。昭和山的结构并不简单。对与地下水有关的一些偏离一般规则的情况作了解释。
Volcanic gases from Showashinzan are qualitatively the same as those liberated from igneous rocks when they are heated in vacuum. Their main components are H2O, CO2, and H2. Then follow HCl, HF, N2, SO2, H2S, S, CH4, CO, Ar, Si, B, Mg, Na, K, Ca, Al, Fe, P, Br, NH3, As, Zn, Sr, Ba, Cu, Pb, Sn, Sb, Bi, Ge, Ag, Cr, Ni, Mo, Rn, Ra, etc. They come through fumaroles of high temperature (∼750°C.). Metallic compounds deposit as sublimates around the outlet of fumaroles. They are fractionated there according to their thermodynamic properties.When the temperature of gases falls, heavy metal elements deposit before reaching the surface of the earth. Ra is among them. Owing to the contribution of Ra thus depositted, Rn content of vapor is larger in low temperature fumaroles than in high temperature ones.Chemical compounds of H, C, N, O, and S vary their composition according to the condition of temperature and pressure. Sulfur exists as SO2 more than H2S. As the temperature of gases falls, SO2 and H2 decrease and H2S increases. Mutual relation among them is ruled by the chemical equilibrium: SO2+3H2=H2S+2H2O.The structure of Showashinzan is not simple. Some deviations from the general rule are explained in connection with ground water.