Motor coordination in weightless conditions revealed by long-term microgravity adaptation
Motor coordination in weightless conditions revealed by long-term microgravity adaptation
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DOI：
10.1016/s0094-5765(01)00099-6
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发表时间：
2001-08-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Pedotti, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baroni, G;Pedrocchi, A;Pedotti, A
研究人类运动系统的功能方法试图通过依赖失重作为特别有启发性的实验条件，更好地理解规划运动及其协调表现背后的过程。事实上，暴露于失重状态下的受试者的感觉运动适应的定量监测概述了重力在运动和姿势组织中的功能作用。由于最近可进入和平号空间站，首次得以通过光电技术对失重环境的长期感觉运动和姿势适应进行实验性定量运动学分析。在EUROMIR'95使命的框架内，在四个月的微重力暴露期间执行了两项自愿姿势扰动议定书（直立姿势，EP;躯干前倾，FTB）。结果表明，在失重状态下，准静态身体定向的姿势策略是基于身体几何轴线（头和躯干）沿沿着外部参照物的对齐。似乎只有在暴露于微重力下数月之后才能恢复适当的全身姿势。相比之下，在失重环境中进行运动活动时，通常在运动和姿势之间协调的陆地策略会迅速恢复并使用。这一结果是解释的假设下，可能有不同的感觉运动整合过程的静态和动态的姿势功能，协调运动的组织可能依赖于稳定的自我中心的参考和运动学的协同作用，电机控制。(C)2001爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
The functional approach to studying human motor systems attempts to give a better understanding of the processes behind planning movements and their coordinated performance by relying on weightlessness as a particularly enlightening experimental condition. Indeed, quantitative monitoring of sensorimotor adaptation of subjects exposed to weightlessness outlines the functional role of gravity in motor and postural organization. The recent accessibility of the MIR Space Station has allowed for the first time experimental quantitative kinematic analysis of long-term sensorimotor and postural adaptation to the weightless environment though opto-electronic techniques. In the frame of the EUROMIR'95 Mission, two protocols of voluntary posture perturbation (erect posture, EP; forward trunk bending, FTB) were carried out during four months of microgravity exposure. Results show that postural strategies for quasistatic body orientation in weightlessness are based on the alignment of geometrical body axes (head and trunk) along external references. A proper whole body positioning appears to be recovered only after months of microgravity exposure. By contrast, typically terrestrial strategies of co-ordination between movement and posture are promptly restored and used when performing motor activities in the weightless environment. This result is explained under the assumption that there may be different sensorimotor integration processes for static and dynamic postural function and that the organisation of coordinated movement might rely stably on egocentric references and kinematics synergies for motor control. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.