Non-B DNA structure-induced genetic instability and evolution.

Non-B DNA structure-induced genetic instability and evolution.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00018-009-0131-2
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发表时间:
2010-01
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Vasquez, Karen M.
Vasquez, Karen M.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhao, Junhua;Bacolla, Albino;Wang, Guliang;Vasquez, Karen M.

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重复DNA基序在各种物种的基因组中都很丰富,并且具有采用非规范(即非b) DNA结构的能力。一些非b DNA结构,包括十字形、滑脱结构、三联体、g -四联体和Z-DNA,已被证明在原核生物和真核生物中引起突变,如缺失、扩增和易位。它们在基因组中的分布不是随机的,通常与遗传疾病相关的染色体断裂位点共定位。目前的全基因组序列分析表明,非b DNA结构形成序列引起的基因组不稳定性不仅导致疾病易感性,而且还有助于快速进化变化,特别是在与发育和调节功能相关的基因中。在这篇综述中,我们描述了非b DNA形成序列在不同物种中的发生,非b DNA形成序列中富集的基因类别,以及最近关于DNA结构诱导的基因组不稳定性的机制研究,以突出它们在基因组中的重要性。
Repetitive DNA motifs are abundant in the genomes of various species and have the capacity to adopt non-canonical (i.e. non-B) DNA structures. Several non-B DNA structures, including cruciforms, slipped structures, triplexes, G-quadruplexes, and Z-DNA, have been shown to cause mutations, such as deletions, expansions, and translocations in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Their distributions in genomes are not random and often co-localize with sites of chromosomal breakage associated with genetic diseases. Current genome-wide sequence analyses suggest that the genomic instabilities induced by non-B DNA structure-forming sequences not only result in predisposition to disease, but also contribute to rapid evolutionary changes, particularly in genes associated with development and regulatory functions. In this review, we describe the occurrence of non-B DNA-forming sequences in various species, the classes of genes enriched in non-B DNA-forming sequences, and recent mechanistic studies on DNA structure-induced genomic instability to highlight their importance in genomes.
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