Patient-centered care: understanding its interpretation and implementation in health care.
Patient-centered care: understanding its interpretation and implementation in health care.
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发表时间：
2000
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通讯作者：
Barbara Lutz;Barbara J. Bowers
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文献类型：
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作者：
Barbara Lutz;Barbara J. Bowers
提供以患者为中心的护理(PCC)已成为最近医疗组织结构调整和质量改进努力的重点。在过去的5年里，关于PCC的文章很多；然而，对这一概念的解释和实施有多种视角。在卫生保健文献中对PCC的描述通常在某种程度上指的是满足患者的需求。描述PCC的文献分为两类。第一类将PCC理解为围绕患者需求对服务进行重组。第二种将PCC定义为了解患者感知的医疗需求、优先事项和对医疗保健的期望。然而，PCC通常仍然是从传统的以提供者为中心、以疾病为重点的框架实施的，这往往导致患者的护理和结果与患者的偏好不一致。转变为患者定义他们的需求和优先事项的护理模式在医疗保健中产生了一些独特的问题。护理，由于其长期致力于以患者为中心，需要领导研究努力，开发以患者为中心的护理模式，考虑并纳入患者的偏好。然而，护士必须注意，他们在传统护理模式中的社会化，以及由此带来的潜在态度和假设，他们给他们的研究和与患者的工作。
Providing patient-centered care (PCC) has been the focus of recent organizational restructuring and quality improvement efforts in health care. Much has been written about PCC in the past 5 years; however, there are multiple perspectives about the interpretation and implementation of this concept. Descriptions of PCC in the health care literature generally, in some way, refer to meeting patients' needs. Literature describing PCC falls into two categories. The first category interprets PCC as the reorganization of services around patients' needs. The second defines PCC as understanding patient-perceived needs, priorities, and expectations for health care. PCC, however, is still most often implemented from a traditional provider-centered, disease-focused framework that often results in patient care and outcomes that are not congruent with patients' preferences. Shifting to a model of care in which patients define their needs and priorities creates some unique issues in health care. Nursing, with its long-standing commitment to being patient focused, needs to lead the research effort to develop patient-centered models of care that consider and incorporate patients' preferences. Nurses must be mindful, however, of their socialization in the traditional model of care and the resulting underlying attitudes and assumptions they bring to their research and work with patients.