The influence of school culture on smoking among pupils
The influence of school culture on smoking among pupils
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00396-4
复制
发表时间：
2004-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Daniels, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aveyard, P;Markham, WA;Daniels, H
学校因素，而不仅仅是学生组成可能导致学校之间的吸烟流行率的差异，但没有理论模型来解释为什么。在本文中，我们提出了一个假设来解释学校对学生吸烟的影响，并使用现有的横断面调查，来自166所中学的23,282名学生在西米德兰兹郡，英国测试。我们假设，学校教育成绩分数与吸烟率无关，但根据学生的社会背景提供增值教育的学校（权威学校）将提供有效的支持和控制，对学生的生活产生相对较强的影响，并与低于平均水平的吸烟率相关。提供剥夺价值观教育的学校（自由放任学校）对学生生活的影响相对较弱，吸烟率高于平均水平。学校成绩的衡量标准是学生达到5A-C普通中等教育证书（5A-Cs）等级的比例和因逃学而损失半天的比例。通过对5A-Cs和逃学的回归，在学校学生的社会形象的五个标记上创建了增值/剥夺条款。权威学校在这两项指标上的成绩都好于预期。自由放任学校在这两项指标上的成绩都比预期的要差。所有其他学校都被列为不确定。采用多水平logistic回归将经常吸烟的风险与学校文化的成就和权威/自由放任条款相关联，无论是否调整学生吸烟的风险因素。正如预测的那样，学校的成绩衡量标准与学生吸烟无关。权威和自由放任学校相对于不确定学校吸烟的优势比（95%置信区间）分别为0.80（0.70-0.91）和1.16（1.07-1.27）。调整小学生水平的吸烟危险因素几乎没有影响。学校文化是青少年吸烟的独立危险因素。学校提供有效的支持和控制可能会保护学生免受吸烟。(C)2003爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
School factors and not solely pupil composition probably cause variation in smoking prevalence amongst schools, but there are no theoretical models to explain why. In this paper we propose a hypothesis to explain schools' influence on pupils' smoking and test this using an existing cross-sectional survey of 23,282 pupils from 166 secondary schools in the West Midlands, UK. We hypothesise that school-level educational achievement scores would not be associated with smoking prevalence, but schools providing value-added education given the social background of pupils (authoritative schools) would provide effective support and control, have a relatively strong influence on pupils' lives and be associated with lower than average smoking prevalence. Schools providing value-denuded education (laissez-faire schools) would have a relatively weak influence on pupils' lives and be associated with higher than average smoking prevalence. The school achievement measures were the proportion of pupils achieving 5A-C General Certificates of Secondary Education (5A-Cs) grades and the proportion of half days lost to truancy. Value-added/denuded terms were created by regressing 5A-Cs and truancy on five markers of the social profile of pupils at the school. Authoritative schools achieved better than expected rates on both measures. Laissez-faire schools achieved worse than expected rates on both measures. All other schools were classed as indeterminate. Multilevel logistic regression was used to relate the risk of regular smoking to school culture in both achievement and authoritative/laissez-faire terms, both with and without adjustment for pupil-level risk factors for smoking. As predicted, schools' achievement measures were unrelated to pupils' smoking. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for smoking in authoritative and laissez-faire schools relative to indeterminate schools were 0.80 (0.70-0.91) and 1.16 (1.07-1.27), respectively. Adjustment for pupil-level smoking risk factors had little effect. School culture is an independent risk factor for adolescent smoking. Schools providing effective support and control might protect pupils from smoking. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.