Single amino acid radiocarbon dating of Upper Paleolithic modern humans
Single amino acid radiocarbon dating of Upper Paleolithic modern humans
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1116328109
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Hedges, Robert E. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Marom, Anat;McCullagh, James S. O.;Hedges, Robert E. M.
考古学上的骨头通常是通过提取胶原蛋白的放射性碳测量来确定年代的。然而，胶原蛋白含量低，埋葬环境的污染，或博物馆的保护工作，如添加胶水，防腐剂和熏蒸剂来“保护”考古材料，以前曾导致不准确的日期。这些不准确反过来又阻碍了考古学年表的发展，在旧石器时代，模糊了诸如解剖学上现代人类的扩散等关键事件的年代。在这里，我们描述了一种方法，以确定胶原蛋白中发现的羟脯氨酸（类似于胶原蛋白碳的10%）作为骨特异性生物标志物，可以去除杂质，从而提高约会的准确性和置信度。这种方法适用于两个重要的网站在俄罗斯，使我们能够报告最早的直接年龄的存在解剖学上的现代人在俄罗斯平原。这些日期大大有助于我们理解旧石器时代中期和晚期的出现，以及开始出现在这一时期的复杂的埋葬行为。
Archaeological bones are usually dated by radiocarbon measurement of extracted collagen. However, low collagen content, contamination from the burial environment, or museum conservation work, such as addition of glues, preservatives, and fumigants to "protect" archaeological materials, have previously led to inaccurate dates. These inaccuracies in turn frustrate the development of archaeological chronologies and, in the Paleolithic, blur the dating of such key events as the dispersal of anatomically modern humans. Here we describe a method to date hydroxyproline found in collagen (similar to 10% of collagen carbon) as a bone-specific biomarker that removes impurities, thereby improving dating accuracy and confidence. This method is applied to two important sites in Russia and allows us to report the earliest direct ages for the presence of anatomically modern humans on the Russian Plain. These dates contribute considerably to our understanding of the emergence of the Mid-Upper Paleolithic and the complex suite of burial behaviors that begin to appear during this period.