The structure of biogenic habitat and epibiotic assemblages associated with the global invasive kelp Undaria pinnatifida in comparison to native macroalgae
The structure of biogenic habitat and epibiotic assemblages associated with the global invasive kelp Undaria pinnatifida in comparison to native macroalgae
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DOI：
10.1007/s10530-015-1037-6
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Smale, Dan A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arnold, Matthew;Teagle, Harry;Smale, Dan A.
海带林在温带和极地岩石海岸线上占主导地位，是重要的海洋栖息地，因为它们支持初级和次级生产力的提高和高度的生物多样性。对这些生态系统稳定性的主要威胁是外来物种的激增，比如日本海带裙带菜（裙带菜），它最近在英国的自然栖息地定居。本文对天然礁石生境10个月的羽状藻丰度和生物量进行了定量分析，并与三种原生树冠形成褐藻（Laminaria ochroleuca、Saccharina latissima和Saccorhiza polyschides）进行了比较。我们还研究了裙带菜提供的生物栖息地结构和与之相关的表观生物组合，并与本地大型藻类进行了比较。在普利茅斯海峡特别保护区进行的调查表明，裙带菜现在是天然基材上以海带为主的群落的一个优势和显著的成员。重要的是，与本地多年生海带物种相比，裙带菜支持结构不同且多样性较低的表观生物组合。然而，裙带菜相关的组合与多棱草相关的组合相似，具有相似的生活史和生长策略。我们的研究结果表明，向裙带藻主导的珊瑚礁转移可能导致表层生物组合的贫乏和局部生物多样性的降低，尽管这在一定程度上可以被气候驱动的L. ochroleuca在极地边缘的增殖所抵消，这提供了复杂的生物栖息地和相对较高的生物多样性。显然，需要更好地了解这些栖息地形成物种之间的长期动态和竞争相互作用，以准确预测未来的生物多样性模式。
Kelp forests dominate temperate and polar rocky coastlines and represent critical marine habitats because they support elevated rates of primary and secondary production and high biodiversity. A major threat to the stability of these ecosystems is the proliferation of non-native species, such as the Japanese kelp Undaria pinnatifida ('Wakame'), which has recently colonised natural habitats in the UK. We quantified the abundance and biomass of U. pinnatifida on a natural rocky reef habitat over 10 months to make comparisons with three native canopy-forming brown algae (Laminaria ochroleuca, Saccharina latissima, and Saccorhiza polyschides). We also examined the biogenic habitat structure provided by, and epibiotic assemblages associated with, U. pinnatifida in comparison to native macroalgae. Surveys conducted within the Plymouth Sound Special Area of Conservation indicated that U. pinnatifida is now a dominant and conspicuous member of kelp-dominated communities on natural substrata. Crucially, U. pinnatifida supported a structurally dissimilar and less diverse epibiotic assemblage than the native perennial kelp species. However, U. pinnatifida-associated assemblages were similar to those associated with Saccorhiza polyschides, which has a similar life history and growth strategy. Our results suggest that a shift towards U. pinnatifida dominated reefs could result in impoverished epibiotic assemblages and lower local biodiversity, although this could be offset, to some extent, by the climate-driven proliferation of L. ochroleuca at the poleward range edge, which provides complex biogenic habitat and harbours relatively high biodiversity. Clearly, greater understanding of the long-term dynamics and competitive interactions between these habitat-forming species is needed to accurately predict future biodiversity patterns.