The concept of transition system
The concept of transition system
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过渡系统的概念
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Raffe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Raffe
“过渡制度”一词描述了一个国家的体制安排的特点，这些安排决定了年轻人的教育-工作过渡。它解释了为什么尽管存在明显的趋同压力，但转型进程和结果的国家差异仍然存在。本文问如何过渡系统的概念已经概念化和操作化的研究人员，特别是定量研究人员分析比较调查数据。它使用了一个四层次的概念框架，这在大部分研究中是隐含的。微观层面的转型过程和结果（第1级）可以被汇总或概括，以显示国家转型模式（第2级），这可以用国家制度变化的维度（第3级）或转型系统的类型学（第4级）来解释。对转轨制度的研究可以夸耀经验，理论和政策相关的成就，但它一直受到数据限制和理论折衷主义的限制。它需要发展理论框架来解释转型系统本身如何变化，并超越民族国家作为同质和独立分析单位的观点。
The term ‘transition system’ describes features of a country’s institutional arrangements which shape young people’s education–work transitions. It explains why national differences in transition processes and outcomes persist despite apparent pressures for convergence. This paper asks how the concept of transition system has been conceptualised and operationalised by researchers, especially quantitative researchers analysing comparative survey data. It uses a four‐level conceptual framework which is implicit in much of this research. Micro‐level transition processes and outcomes (Level 1) may be aggregated or summarised to show national transition patterns (Level 2), which may be explained in terms of dimensions of national institutional variation (Level 3) or typologies of transition systems (Level 4). Research into transition systems can boast of empirical, theoretical and policy‐related achievements, but it has been constrained by data limitations and theoretical eclecticism. It needs to develop theoretical frameworks to explain how transition systems themselves change and to move beyond a view of nation‐states as homogeneous and independent units of analysis.