Don't believe everything you hear: Preschoolers' sensitivity to speaker intent in category induction
Don't believe everything you hear: Preschoolers' sensitivity to speaker intent in category induction
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00822.x
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Jaswal, VK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaswal, VK
标签可以传达有关类别成员身份的不明显信息。三项研究表明，学龄前儿童(N=144)有时会忽略或拒绝与外表相冲突的标签，特别是当他们不确定说话者是否有意使用这些标签时。在研究1中，4岁的孩子比3岁的孩子更不愿意接受这样的观点，例如，一只像猫的动物就是一只狗，因为它被称为狗。在研究2和研究3中，当说话者明确或暗示使用意想不到的标签时，这种不情愿被克服了。这些研究表明，学龄前儿童并不将标签视为物体的理论特征；相反，他们根据对标签者交际意图的理解来解释标签。
A label can convey nonobvious information about category membership. Three studies show that preschoolers (N = 144) sometimes ignore or reject labels that conflict with appearance, particularly when they are uncertain that the speaker meant to use those labels. In Study 1, 4-year-olds were more reluctant than 3-year-olds to accept that, for example, a cat-like animal was a dog just on the basis of hearing it called a dog. In Studies 2 and 3, this reluctance was overcome when the speaker explicitly or implicitly indicated that use of the unexpected labels was intentional. These studies demonstrate that preschoolers do not treat labels as atheoretical features of objects; rather, they interpret them in light of their understanding of the labeler's communicative intent.