Testing the Limits of Sex Differences Using Variable Stress
Testing the Limits of Sex Differences Using Variable Stress
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.12.034
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发表时间：
2021-01-18
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Hodes, Georgia E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, Alyssa;Rainville, Jennifer R.;Hodes, Georgia E.
是一种慢性疾病，影响女性的人数几乎是男性的两倍，症状可能因性别而异。临床前模型不成比例地使用男性受试者，并在压力停止时立即测试单个行为终点。我们在雄性和雌性小鼠中进行了6天，28天和56天的可变压力，并使用选择的电池来测量行为，以匹配研究领域的标准。为了检查个体差异，我们生成了一个复合z分数来衡量行为测试中的压力敏感性。我们还测试了30天恢复期后的行为，以评估压力效应的持续时间。女性，但不是男性，易受6天的变量压力时，行为测试开始24小时后。如果在30天后进行行为测试，雄性和雌性都表现出与压力相关的行为。雄性和雌性对28天的可变压力敏感，并且影响持久。两种性别习惯于56天的变量压力，但焦虑相关的措施仍然表现出持久性。具体的行为测试的表现往往是不同的个人和性别之间，并不是所有的压力动物都容易受到所有测试的行为。这些研究证实，行为的性别差异被检测到对变量压力的反应，并揭示了有关个体差异的信息。测量不同内在表型的测试组合的使用可以组合成单个应激易感性评分，作为类似于用于人类抑郁症研究的量表/清单的工具。我们提出这些数据的目的是进一步了解该领域的性别差异，以及它们如何塑造情绪障碍的生物学。这篇文章是特刊的一部分，题为：生活方式和大脑的亚可塑性。(c)2020年IBRO。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
is a chronic disease that affects nearly twice as many women as men, and symptoms can differ by sex. Preclinical models disproportionately use male subjects and test a single behavioral endpoint immediately at the cessation of stress. We conducted variable stress in male and female mice for 6, 28, and 56 days, and measured behavior with a battery chosen to match research domain criteria. To examine individual differences, we generated a composite z score to measure stress susceptibility across behavioral tests. We also tested behavior following a 30-day recovery period to evaluate the duration of the stress effects. Females, but not males, were susceptible to 6 days of variable stress when behavioral testing started 24 h later. If behavioral testing was conducted 30 days later both males and females expressed stress related behaviors. Males and females were stress susceptible to 28 days of variable stress and effects were long lasting. Both sexes habituated to 56 days of variable stress, but anxiety associated measures still showed persistence. Performance on specific behavioral tests was often different between individuals and between sexes, and not all stressed animals were susceptible to all tested behaviors. These studies confirm that behavioral sex differences are detected in response to variable stress, and reveal information about individual differences. Use of a test battery that measures varying endophenotypes can be combined into a single stress susceptibility score as a tool similar to the scales/inventories used for the study of depression in humans. We present these data with the goal of furthering the field's understanding sex differences and how they shape the biology of mood disorders. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lifestyle and Brain Metaplasticity. (c) 2020 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.