Kinetic and kinematic determinants of female sprint performance
Kinetic and kinematic determinants of female sprint performance
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DOI：
10.1080/02640414.2020.1837449
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发表时间：
2020-11-05
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Nagahara, Ryu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gleadhill, Sam;Nagahara, Ryu
本研究探讨女子短跑运动员在整个短跑过程中，跑速与加速度的时空与地面反作用力决定因素。15名女子短跑运动员完成了60米短跑。运动学和动力学变量进行了测量，使用力平台超过50米的距离从开始。结果表明，较高的步频（第11 ~ 27步，r = 0.517-0.717）和较短的支撑时间（第12 ~ 27步，r = -0.535 ~-0.634）可能是影响跑步速度的因素。此外，增加步长（第1 - 10步，r = 0.550-0.938），抑制步频增加（第2 - 7步，r = -0.639至-0.870），抑制支撑时间的减少（第1 - 5步，r = 0.599-0.709）和飞行时间的增加（第4 - 7步，r = 0.523-0.649）对于更大的跑步加速度是必要的。平均推进力（第1 - 5步，r = 0.663-0.876）和前后净平均力（所有步，r = 0.697-0.894）可能是较大跑步加速度的决定因素。在最大速度阶段，跑步速度与其他变量之间没有相关性。与以前发现的男性短跑决定因素的差异表明，针对女性短跑运动员的训练目标是必要的，以改善训练设计和比赛策略。
This study elucidated spatiotemporal and ground reaction force determinants of running speed and acceleration for female sprinters during the entire sprinting. Fifteen female sprinters completed 60 m sprints. Kinematic and kinetic variables were measured using force platforms over a 50 m distance from the start. Results demonstrated that higher step frequency (11th-27th steps, r = 0.517-0.717) through shorter support time (12th-27th steps, r = -0.535 to -0.634) could be determinants of running speed. Moreover, increasing step length (1st-10th steps, r = 0.550-0.938), suppressing increases in step frequency (2nd-7th steps, r = -0.639 to -0.870), suppressing decreases in support time (1st-5th steps, r = 0.599-0.709) and increases in flight time (4th-7th steps, r = 0.523-0.649) can be essential for greater running acceleration. Propulsive mean force (1st-5th steps, r = 0.663-0.876) and anteroposterior net mean force (all steps, r = 0.697-0.894) are likely determinants of greater running acceleration. At the maximal speed phase there was no correlation between running speed and the other variables. Differences with previously found male sprint determinants suggest that training targets specific to female sprinters are necessary for improving training designs and race strategy.