Differences in impulsivity and risk-taking propensity between primary users of crack cocaine and primary users of heroin in a residential substance-use program
Differences in impulsivity and risk-taking propensity between primary users of crack cocaine and primary users of heroin in a residential substance-use program
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DOI：
10.1037/1064-1297.13.4.311
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发表时间：
2005-11-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Lejuez, CW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bornovalova, MA;Daughters, SB;Lejuez, CW
快克可卡因的使用与冲动和冒险倾向的关系比海洛因的使用更密切，但没有研究在没有急性药物作用的情况下研究这种关系。目前的研究检查了冲动（使用延迟折扣任务）和冒险倾向（使用气球安全风险任务）在独立组的主要快克可卡因使用者与最小的海洛因使用（n = 16）和主要海洛因使用者与最小的快克可卡因使用（n = 11）在住宅治疗，所有参与者在参与期间药物戒断。快克可卡因使用者表现出更高水平的冲动性和冒险倾向，只有在控制年龄和性别后，冲动性的差异才持续存在。这些数据在理解快克可卡因和海洛因使用者之间的差异方面具有潜在的理论重要性，因为这些发现不能仅仅归因于急性药理学药物作用。
Crack cocaine use is more associated with impulsivity and a propensity to take risks than heroin use, yet no studies have examined this relationship in the absence of acute drug effects. The current study examined impulsivity (using the Delay Discounting Task) and risk-taking propensity (using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task) across independent groups of primary crack cocaine users with minimal heroin use (n = 16) and primary heroin users with minimal crack cocaine use (n = 11) in residential treatment, with all participants drug abstinent during participation. Crack cocaine users evidenced greater levels of impulsivity and risk-taking propensity, with only the difference in impulsivity persisting after controlling for age and gender. These data hold potential theoretical importance in understanding differences between crack cocaine and heroin users, as the findings cannot be attributed solely to acute pharmacological drug effects.