The Root-Associated Microbial Community of the World's Highest Growing Vascular Plants.
The Root-Associated Microbial Community of the World's Highest Growing Vascular Plants.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-016-0779-8
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Doležal J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angel R;Conrad R;Dvorsky M;Kopecky M;Kotilínek M;Hiiesalu I;Schweingruber F;Doležal J
由于环境温度上升和冰川衰退，全球范围内正在发生植物向上迁移到贫瘠的亚热带地区。2012年夏天，记录到6种维管植物生长在一块土地上，海拔达到了前所未有的6150平方英里。靠近西喜马拉雅山脉(印度拉达克)舒库勒二号山的山顶。在表现出多重压力迹象的同时，所有植物都设法建立了稳定的生长并持续了几年。为了了解微生物在植物向上迁移过程中的作用，我们使用显微镜和标记扩增序列分析了植物的根相关微生物群落(每种植物3个个体)。在根上没有发现菌根，这表明它们对植物的建立和早期生长不重要。然而，所有的根都与一个复杂的细菌群落有关，丰富度和多样性估计与周围的裸土相似，甚至更高。土壤和与根共生的群落均以鞘氨醇单胞菌目和鞘氨醇细菌目的成员为主，它们是典型的炎热荒漠土壤群落，但不同于温带亚热带土壤群落和典型的根际群落。尽管在目的分类水平上相似，但这些植物拥有一组独特的高度优势的可操作分类单位，这在裸露土壤中是没有的。这些细菌很可能是随着散播的种子一起传播的，并在萌发后成为与根相关的群落的一部分。结果表明，发育中的土壤不仅是植物根部接种的来源，也可能是植物相关细菌的汇。本文的在线版本(doi：10.1007/s00248-0160779-8)包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Upward migration of plants to barren subnival areas is occurring worldwide due to raising ambient temperatures and glacial recession. In summer 2012, the presence of six vascular plants, growing in a single patch, was recorded at an unprecedented elevation of 6150 m.a.s.l. close to the summit of Mount Shukule II in the Western Himalayas (Ladakh, India). Whilst showing multiple signs of stress, all plants have managed to establish stable growth and persist for several years. To learn about the role of microbes in the process of plant upward migration, we analysed the root-associated microbial community of the plants (three individuals from each) using microscopy and tagged amplicon sequencing. No mycorrhizae were found on the roots, implying they are of little importance to the establishment and early growth of the plants. However, all roots were associated with a complex bacterial community, with richness and diversity estimates similar or even higher than the surrounding bare soil. Both soil and root-associated communities were dominated by members of the orders Sphingomonadales and Sphingobacteriales, which are typical for hot desert soils, but were different from communities of temperate subnival soils and typical rhizosphere communities. Despite taxonomic similarity on the order level, the plants harboured a unique set of highly dominant operational taxonomic units which were not found in the bare soil. These bacteria have been likely transported with the dispersing seeds and became part of the root-associated community following germination. The results indicate that developing soils act not only as a source of inoculation to plant roots but also possibly as a sink for plant-associated bacteria. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00248-016-0779-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.