The Performance of a High Solar Fraction Seasonal Storage District Heating System – Five Years of Operation☆
The Performance of a High Solar Fraction Seasonal Storage District Heating System – Five Years of Operation☆
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DOI：
10.1016/j.egypro.2012.11.097
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Sibbitt;D. McClenahan;R. Djebbar;J. Thornton;B. Wong;Jarrett Carriere;J. Kokko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Sibbitt;D. McClenahan;R. Djebbar;J. Thornton;B. Wong;Jarrett Carriere;J. Kokko
位于加拿大艾伯塔省奥科托克斯市的Drake Landing Solar社区利用太阳能供热系统，通过区域供热网络，为52户独立的节能住宅提供空间供暖。欧洲已经建造了类似规模和配置的系统，然而，这是第一个设计为使用太阳能提供90%以上空间供暖的此类系统，也是第一个在如此寒冷的气候(5200摄氏度)下运行的系统。安装在独立车库屋顶上的2293平方米的平板集热器收集的太阳能被储存在地下的土壤中，然后在需要空间取暖时被提取，并通过一个地区系统分配到小区的每个家庭。每个家庭安装的独立太阳能家用热水系统设计提供50%以上的水加热负荷。每年因提高能效和太阳能供应而减少的温室气体排放量超过每户5吨。季节性储存利用了大约34,000立方米的土方和144个带有单U形管式热交换器的钻孔网格。该系统被配置为将磁场中心保持在最高温度，以最大限度地提高加热能力，并将外部边缘保持在最低温度，以将损失降至最低。由240立方米的水组成的短期蓄热被用来连接收集、分配和季节性蓄热子系统。该系统自2007年7月投入使用以来进行了详细的监测，以确定其性能特点，并改进其设计中采用的TRNsys模型。在运行的第五年，太阳能比例达到97%，令人信服地证实，第五年太阳能比例超过90%的设计目标已经实现。本文介绍了该系统及其运行情况，给出了5年来的实际运行情况，并将这些结果与同期TRNsys的预测性能进行了比较。
The Drake Landing Solar Community in Okotoks, Alberta, Canada utilizes a solar thermal system with borehole seasonal storage to supply space heating to 52 detached energy-efficient homes through a district heating network. Systems of similar size and configuration have been constructed in Europe, however, this is the first system of this type designed to supply more than 90% of the space heating with solar energy and the first operating in such a cold climate (5200 degree C-days). Solar heat captured in 2293 m2of flat-plate collectors, mounted on the roofs of detached garages, is stored in soil underground and later when needed for space heating, is extracted and distributed through a district system to each home in the subdivision. Independent solar domestic hot water systems installed on every house are designed to supply more than 50% of the water heating load. Annual greenhouse gas emission reductions from energy efficiency improvements and solar energy supply exceed 5 tonnes per house. The seasonal storage utilizes approximately 34,000 m3of earth and a grid of 144 boreholes with single u-tube heat exchangers. The system is configured to maintain the centre of the field at the highest temperature to maximize heating capacity and the outer edges at the lowest temperature to minimize losses. A short -term thermal storage consisting of 240 m3of water is used to interconnect the collection, distribution and seasonal heat storage subsystems. The system has undergone detailed monitoring since it was brought into service in July 2007 to characterize its performance and to improve the TRNSYS model employed in its design. A solar fraction of 97% in its fifth year of operation, convincingly confirms the design target, a solar fraction of more than 90% in year five, has been met. This paper describes the system and its operation, presents 5 years of measured performance and compares those results against the TRNSYS predicted performance for the same period.